Prepare a story about flags 1 2. Russian flag. The meaning of the flag for the state

Throughout the second half of the 19th century, there was debate among historians about which flag should be considered national: white-blue-red or black-yellow-white. The issue was officially resolved on April 28, 1883 (May 7, 1883, this decision was included in the Collection of Legislation of the Russian Empire), when, with the “Decree on flags for decorating buildings on special occasions,” Alexander III, who was inclined towards Russophilia, ordered the use of exclusively white and blue -red flag.

These colors are also used in Pan-Slavic flags. It is believed that it was the Russian flag that was the prototype for many flags, the main national composition of which is Slavic peoples. Pan-Slavic flags usually include the following flags: the flag of Slovakia, the flag of Slovenia, the flag of the Czech Republic, the flag of Serbia, the flag of Croatia.

The flag of Russia is included in the State Heraldic Register Russian Federation at number 2.

For desecration of the flag, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Article 329 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) provides for punishment in the form of imprisonment for a term of up to two years.

The flag of the Tsar of Moscow was used in 1693 during the travel of Peter the Great. Currently, the original of this flag is stored in the Central Naval Museum under number 10556.

The flag is a rectangular panel with an aspect ratio of 46x49. In fact, the proportions are closer to a square.

After the defeat of Peter the Great near Narva in 1700, the sovereign decided to completely break away from the traditions of warfare in the Russian army. Foreign officers were no longer allowed into important positions; they were no longer trusted with important information; The army was modernizing at an accelerated pace. The flag of the Tsar of Moscow was no longer used - it was replaced by the royal standard.

The standard has completely changed its color scheme. Flag background became yellow. In its beaks and claws the eagle held pieces of a map that depicted the seas to which Russia had access (Black, Caspian, Baltic, White).

Russian merchant flag of 1709

Flag Russian Empire was approved by the Naval Charter on January 13, 1720, although it had been used for 11 years before that.

This flag was introduced into use on August 12, 1914 by circular number 29897 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. A gold square with the image of the state eagle was added to the top of the flag. This element was similar to the palace standard of the emperor. The flag was introduced for general use citizens of the Russian Empire.

The symbolism of the flag indicated the unity of the king with the people.

The image of this flag could be found in rare photographs or postcards.

Flags of the RSFSR during the existence of the USSR

During the Second World War, the Vlasov formations used the white-blue-red tricolor as the flag of the new order in Russia.

The flag differs mainly from the modern version in its shades of blue and red, as well as its proportions. This version used a 1:2 aspect ratio.

On November 5, 1990, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on organizing work to create a new flag and coat of arms of the RSFSR, instructing the Committee for Archives under the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR to develop new concept official state symbols, and also, together with the Ministry of Culture of the RSFSR, present projects for a new coat of arms and flag of the RSFSR. It began to be widely used during the August Putsch. Discontinued use in 1993.

Imperial Russian flag

This Federal Constitutional Law establishes the State Flag of the Russian Federation, its description and the procedure for official use.

Article 1. The state flag of the Russian Federation is official state symbol Russian Federation.

The national flag of the Russian Federation is a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue and the bottom is red. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3.

A multi-color drawing of the State Flag of the Russian Federation is placed in the appendix to this Federal Constitutional Law.

Article 2. The national flag of the Russian Federation is raised permanently on buildings:

Administration of the President of the Russian Federation;

Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;

State Duma Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;

Government of the Russian Federation;

Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation;

Supreme Court Russian Federation;

Higher Arbitration Court Russian Federation;

General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation;

Central Bank of the Russian Federation;

Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation;

residence of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation;

Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation.

The state flag of the Russian Federation is raised constantly (alone or together with the corresponding flags) on buildings federal bodies executive branch, at the residences of plenipotentiary representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts, as well as on organ buildings state power subjects of the Russian Federation.

Article 3. The national flag of the Russian Federation is hung on buildings (or raised on masts, flagpoles) of organs local government, public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of their form of ownership, as well as residential buildings on public holidays of the Russian Federation.

The state flag of the Russian Federation is raised on:

buildings of diplomatic missions, consular offices, residences of heads of diplomatic missions and consular offices, when this is related to the performance of the specified persons official duties, as well as on the buildings of other official representative offices of the Russian Federation outside the Russian Federation, including official representative offices of the Russian Federation at international organizations, - in accordance with the standards international law, rules of diplomatic protocol and traditions of the host country;

on ships entered in one of the registers of ships of the Russian Federation - as a stern flag;

tugboats leading other ships or rafts - on the bow flagpole or gaff. Vessel flying a state or national flag foreign country, must, when sailing in the internal waters of the Russian Federation or while staying in a port of the Russian Federation, in addition to its own flag, raise and carry, in accordance with international maritime customs, the State Flag of the Russian Federation;

ships registered in the register of ships of a foreign state and provided for use and possession by a Russian charterer under a bareboat charter agreement, which, in accordance with the Merchant Shipping Code of the Russian Federation, are temporarily granted the right to sail under the State Flag of the Russian Federation;

warships and vessels - in accordance with the Ship's Charter;

auxiliary vessels Navy, used as Russian ships foreign navigation to perform work outside the Russian Federation - as a stern flag.

Article 4. The state flag of the Russian Federation is permanently installed:

in the meeting rooms of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, in courtrooms;

in the office of the President of the Russian Federation and in other premises intended for holding ceremonies with the participation of the President of the Russian Federation, in the offices of the Chairman of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Head Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, plenipotentiary representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts, Chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation, heads of federal executive bodies, federal judges, prosecutors, as well as heads of government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, heads of municipalities, heads of diplomatic missions, consular offices and other official representations of the Russian Federation outside the Russian Federation, including official representative offices of the Russian Federation at international organizations.

Article 5. The national flag of the Russian Federation is placed on vehicles The President of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, heads of state and government delegations, heads of diplomatic missions, consular offices and other official representative offices of the Russian Federation outside the Russian Federation, including number of official representative offices of the Russian Federation at international organizations.

Article 6. The national flag of the Russian Federation is raised (installed) during official ceremonies and other special events held by federal government bodies, government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local government bodies.

The state flag of the Russian Federation can be raised (installed) during ceremonial events held by public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of their form of ownership, as well as during family celebrations.

The state flag of the Russian Federation is raised daily in places of permanent deployment of military units and individual units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops and military formations. The ritual of raising the State Flag of the Russian Federation in military units and individual units is established by the President of the Russian Federation.

In all cases provided for by the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for the removal of the Battle Banner of a military unit, the State Flag of the Russian Federation attached to the staff is simultaneously carried out. The procedure for the joint removal and placement of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of a military unit is determined by the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 7. On days of mourning, a black ribbon is attached to the upper part of the flagpole of the State Flag of the Russian Federation, the length of which is equal to the length of the flag. The national flag of the Russian Federation, raised on a mast (flagpole), is lowered to half the height of the mast (flagpole).

During mourning ceremonies that involve giving military honors to a deceased (deceased) citizen of the Russian Federation, the coffin with the body of the deceased is covered with the flag of the Russian Federation. Before burial, the flag of the Russian Federation is folded and handed over to the relatives of the deceased.

Article 8. The flags of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities, public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of their form of ownership, cannot be identical to the State Flag of the Russian Federation.

The state flag of the Russian Federation cannot be used as the heraldic basis of the flags of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities, public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of their form of ownership.

When raising (placing) the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the flag of a subject of the Russian Federation, a municipality, a public association or an enterprise, institution or organization at the same time, the State Flag of the Russian Federation is located on the left side of the other flag, if you are facing them; when raising (placing) an odd number of flags at the same time, the State Flag of the Russian Federation is located in the center, and when raising (placing) an even number of flags (but more than two) - to the left of the center.

When hoisting (placing) the State Flag of the Russian Federation and other flags at the same time, the size of the flag of a subject of the Russian Federation, municipality, public association or enterprise, institution or organization cannot exceed the size of the State Flag of the Russian Federation, and the height of the hoisting of the State Flag of the Russian Federation cannot be less heights of other flags.

Article 9. The image of the State Flag of the Russian Federation is applied to aircraft Russian Federation, registered in State Register civil aircraft of the Russian Federation, for military transport aircraft used for flights outside the Russian Federation, as well as for spacecraft launched by the Russian Federation, in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The image of the State Flag of the Russian Federation is used as an onboard distinctive sign of ships, boats and vessels Border Service of the Russian Federation, as well as as a sign of nationality of high-speed vessels entered in the State Ship Register of the Russian Federation or the ship register of the State River Shipping Inspectorate, for which a ship patent, corresponding ship certificate or ship ticket has been issued.

The image of the State Flag of the Russian Federation can be used as an element or heraldic basis for state awards of the Russian Federation, as well as heraldic signs - emblems and flags of federal executive authorities.

Article 10. The use of the State Flag of the Russian Federation in violation of this Federal Constitutional Law, as well as desecration of the State Flag of the Russian Federation entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 11. This Federal Constitutional Law comes into force on the date of its official publication.

Moscow, Kremlin President

N 1-FKZ V. PUTIN

Useful links

• Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 11, 1993 N 2126 “On the state flag of the Russian Federation.”
• Federal Constitutional Law "On the Flag of the Russian Federation" dated December 8, 2000
• Circular No. 29897 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of August 12, 1914.

Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation

Every year on August 22, Russia celebrates the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation, established on the basis of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1714 of August 20, 1994 “On the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation.”

On August 22, 1991, the tricolor Russian flag was officially raised over the White House in Moscow for the first time, replacing the red banner with the hammer and sickle as the state symbol.

Story:

The national flag in Russia appeared at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries, during the era of the formation of Russia as a powerful state. For the first time, the white-blue-red flag was raised on the first Russian warship "Eagle", during the reign of Peter I's father Alexei Mikhailovich. The “Eagle” did not sail for long under the new banner: having descended along the Volga to Astrakhan, it was burned there by the rebel peasants of Stepan Razin. Peter I is recognized as the legal father of the tricolor. On January 20, 1705, he issued a decree according to which “all kinds of merchant ships” should fly a white-blue-red flag, he himself drew a sample and determined the order of horizontal stripes.

In different variations the three-stripe flag also decorated warships until 1712, when the St. Andrew's flag was established in the navy. In 1858, Alexander II approved a drawing “with the arrangement of the emblem black-yellow-white colors of the Empire on banners, flags and other items for decoration on the streets on special occasions.” A January 1, 1865 a personal decree of Alexander II was issued, in which colors black, orange (gold) and white already right called “state flowers of Russia”. The black-yellow-white flag lasted until 1883. April 28, 1883 A decree from Alexander III was announced, which stated: “So that on those solemn occasions when it is considered possible to allow the decoration of buildings with flags, only the Russian flag should be used, consisting of three stripes: the upper one is white, the middle one is blue and the lower one is red.” In 1896, Nicholas II established a Special Meeting at the Ministry of Justice to discuss the issue of the Russian national flag. The meeting came to the conclusion that “the white-blue-red flag has every right to be called Russian or national and its colors: white, blue and red are called state.” The three colors of the flag, which became national, received an official interpretation. The red color meant “power”, blue - the color of the Mother of God, under whose protection Russia is, white - the color of freedom and independence. These colors also meant the commonwealth of White, Little and Great Russia.

August 22, 1991 The extraordinary session of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR decided to consider The official symbol of Russia is the tricolor, and by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 11, 1993, the Regulations on the state flag of the Russian Federation were approved. In August 1994, Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree that states: “In connection with the restoration on August 22, 1991 of the historical Russian tricolor state flag, covered with the glory of many generations of Russians, and in order to educate present and future generations of Russian citizens to respect the state symbols, I decree: Establish a holiday - the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and celebrate it on August 22.”

On December 25, 2000, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the Law, according to which the State Flag of Russia is a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue and the bottom is red.

The colors of the Russian flag have many symbolic meanings. Currently, there is no official interpretation of the colors of the State Flag of the Russian Federation.

Since ancient times in Rus', white, blue and red colors have meant:

• white color - nobility and frankness;
• blue color - fidelity, honesty, impeccability and chastity;
• red color - courage, boldness, generosity and love.

On the world around us, in the textbook for grade 2 there was an assignment to prepare a report on the topic of the state flag of Russia (or about other state symbols: coat of arms, anthem, but my daughter chose the flag). This is the report we got with visual support.

As the report progresses, illustrations with the abstracts of the report are displayed on the interactive board.

Flag of Russia- its official state symbol, along with the coat of arms and anthem. It is a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue and the bottom is red.

Russian national flag

How the tricolor appeared in Russia? Until the 17th century, Russia did not have a national flag. The flag appeared during the time of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (father of Peter 1) in connection with the birth of the Russian fleet.

the tricolor appeared in Russia under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich

In 1668, the Dutch engineer David Butler, by order of the Tsar, built the first Russian warship, the Orel. The question arose of which flag to fly on the ship. They asked Butler. The engineer replied that the flag of his native Netherlands consisted of three stripes: red, white and blue. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered the same fabrics to be ordered for his cloth. But the order of stripes on the Russian flag became different: a white stripe was located at the top, then blue and red.

the first Russian warship "Eagle" under the white-blue-red flag

November 1, 1991 In 2010, the white-azure-scarlet flag was approved as the State Flag of the RSFSR.

white-azure-scarlet flag 1991-1993.

Constitution adopted December 12, 1993 year, the modern appearance of the Russian state flag was fixed.

Russian national flag

1. Most national flags are 2:3 or 1:2 rectangles. However, a couple of European states: Vatican City (speaks Italian) and Switzerland (speaks Italian, German, French) have square flags, while Nepal has a flag consisting of two triangles fused together, one on top of the other, and in the state of Ohio ( USA, English) a flag has been adopted that looks like the letter M turned 90 degrees to the right, just like a children's flag.

2. Identical frags. The flags of Monaco and Indonesia use identical state symbols: red and white horizontal stripes. In 1945, the adoption of the red and white bicolor by independent Indonesia was opposed by the government of Monaco, but their protest was rejected, since the Indonesians proved that their flag is ancient in origin.

3. The most popular colors of state flags are red, white and blue. These three favorites consist entirely of the flags of Russia, France, the USA, SKVISI (Great Britain), Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands (Holland), Serbia, Thailand and many others.


A less popular trinity: yellow, black and green. They are present (along with the first ones) in the flags of Spain, Germany, Italy, and the Vatican.


4. The simplest (one-color) flag until October 2011 was the flag of Libya, however, with the fall of the Gaddafi regime, the completely green rectangle ceased to be a state symbol, so the place on at the moment vacant.

5. The most volatile flag. The colors of the Philippine flag are reversed: in wartime, the top stripe is red and the bottom stripe is blue.

6. Southern Cross constellation. The most famous constellation of the southern night sky, visible only below the equator, is depicted on several flags: Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, Samoa, Tokelau.


The constellation Ursa Major appears on the Alaska flag. The moon (crescent) is present mainly on the flags of Muslim (professing Islam) states: Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Algeria, Mauritania, Singapore, Malaysia, Pakistan, Tunisia.

The sun is on the flags of the most different countries and can take the form of a face with rays, in Argentina and Uruguay (they speak Spanish), or just a circle (Japan, Bangladesh, Niger), and on the flag of Guinea the sun appears as a yellow stripe standing vertically between the red and green. Kiribati, Malawi, Taiwan (Republic of China, not to be confused with the “people’s” China) also chose a star named the Sun as their symbol.


7. The Scandinavian cross is visible on the flags of the countries of Northern Europe (where the Vikings lived), such as Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, as well as the micronation of Ladonia.

8. Inscriptions. The flags of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia have Arabic writing. The flag of Brazil has a motto in Portuguese, Haiti in French, Baileys and San Marino (speaks Italian) in Latin. Inscriptions in Spanish are usually so small in the scale of the flag that they are almost invisible, but they are present in the flags of Spain itself, Bolivia, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, Equatorial Guinea, El Salvador, and the coat of arms of Venezuela, which (sometimes!) falls on its flag.

9. The “hammer and sickle” is still used in heraldic symbols, for example on the flag of the unrecognized Transnistrian Moldavian Republic (PMR) and the Vladimir and Bryansk regions of Russia. And another symbol similar to it can be seen on the flag of Angola. The flag of Mozambique features a Kalashnikov assault rifle.

10. Double sided flag. In Paraguay (speaks Spanish) the flag has two sides. On the front there is an image of a star and the inscription “Republica del Paraguay”, on the back there is a lion and the slogan “Paz Y Justicia” - “Peace and Justice”.

Come to our

Flags differ not only in colors, but also in proportions. The width and length of the panel is usually determined by the legislation of the country. In addition to images, figures and stripes of various colors, they may also contain inscriptions.

Each color on the flag is symbolic; it reveals a certain phenomenon or historical fact. One of the most striking examples is in Kenya, where the Maasai shield is taken as the basis. The red color on it symbolizes the blood shed by the people in the struggle for independence, black - the actual dark-skinned population of the country, white speaks of peace, green - of the rich natural resources countries .

The most depressing color – black – has a rather gloomy interpretation on flags. He usually talks about tragic events in the country's history: for example, brutal wars. The exception to this rule is African countries: there national flags indigenous people are designated in a similar manner. And also the Bahamas, where the black triangle proclaims the unity of the people.

The flag of the Philippines can be flown normally, with the blue stripe facing up, or upside down. In the latter case, this becomes a sign that war has begun.

All the flags of the world, and there are more than 500 of them, are rectangles or squares. Except in Nepali: it resembles two fused triangles. Each of them represents the dynasty that rules the kingdom.

In Denmark there is a law according to which a person is responsible for burning any flag of peace and for other desecration of it. But this rule does not apply to Danish.

British submarines sometimes fly pirate flags when rising to the surface. But this does not mean at all that sea robbers are sailing on them. During the First World War, when submarines were tested, the English admiral A. Wilson met the appearance new technology very hostile. He said that submarines were fighting an unfair war and prisoners from enemy submarines should be hanged as pirates. The British themselves really liked the comparison with pirates. Even today, when returning from each successfully completed mission, submariners often flaunt their “Jolly Roger.”

On the flag of the Chelyabinsk region, located far from the southern latitudes, you can see an image of a white camel loaded with luggage. There is no mistake here, because it was through these lands that numerous trade caravans passed through in the 19th century, and it was not unusual for Ural residents to see camels.

In Saudi Arabia, the flag is never lowered as a sign of mourning.

The image of the future Alaska flag was proposed by a 13-year-old teenager. And the current arrangement of stars on the US flag (after Alaska and Hawaii joined the States) is an 18-year-old boy, Robert Heft. Moreover, the school teacher to whom the guy showed his work didn’t like it: they didn’t give Robert a grade higher than a “B minus”. The teacher promised that he would change the grade if the US Congressmen approved this project. Congressmen approved, and the assessment had to be revised.

Canada could have a beaver instead of a maple leaf. It was this that Canadians considered their main symbol in the 19th century. But since a canvas depicting a beaver would look quite comical and certainly not solemn, they remembered another symbol, which, by and large, was not even a symbol: the sugar maple. But the maple leaf depicted on the Canadian flag does not exist in nature. The real leaf has 27 sharp protrusions, but in the figure there are only 11.