Unified State Exam: everything you need to know about it. How to pass the Unified State Exam for a graduate of previous years: step-by-step instructions What is the Unified State Exam and how to pass it

The first analogue of the Unified State Exam was introduced in France in the 60s. The French colonies in Africa gained independence, and there were a lot of African immigrants in the country. Their level of education was extremely low, but, nevertheless, the children of immigrants needed to study, and the French authorities met them halfway by greatly simplifying the exam system. Test surveys were introduced, and the final exam was combined with the entrance exam to the university.

Very soon, numerous demonstrations and protests began in France: the people did not accept new system, believing that it leads to the “dumbing down” of the nation. The confrontation did not last long: after three years the government, having assessed the results new policy, abandoned innovations.

However, such a system has taken root quite successfully in America. It is less expensive and very convenient. Now the idea of ​​“2 exams in 1” has started to become widespread all over the world.

Unified State Exam in Russia

The first prototypes of the Unified State Exam began to appear in Russia in 1997. Some schools began conducting experiments on voluntary testing of graduates.

The author of the idea of ​​the Unified State Exam in Russia was Vladimir Filippov, who headed the Ministry of Education from 1998 to 2004. It was he who began a large-scale reform of domestic education: Russia’s accession to the Bologna process with the division of higher education into bachelor’s and master’s degrees, and the creation of new educational standards. One of the necessary conditions for this process was the introduction of new ways to assess the knowledge of schoolchildren.

The Unified State Exam was supposed to eliminate corruption in schools and universities and provide an effective test of graduates’ knowledge (the standard five-point scale has not been able to cope with this task for a long time). That is why a test form was chosen, with which an impartial machine works. In addition, the state exam was supposed to make higher education truly accessible to children from the regions.

“You can enter all elite and most other universities only through tutoring at a given university, or through paid courses at it, or through targeted admission, which they implement, or through “contractual” schools that Moscow and St. Petersburg universities have.” , Filippov asserted.

In 1999, the Federal Testing Center of the Ministry of Education and Science was created. Objective: development of a testing system in the country, as well as monitoring the quality of knowledge of students in Russian educational institutions.

Under the leadership of the director of the center, Vladimir Khlebnikov, the idea, technology and methodology were developed conducting the Unified State Exam, as well as its software and scaling of test results. At the same time, the basis for compiling KIMs was formed, and issues of coordinating information and technological support for the exam were resolved.

In 2000, the order of the Government of the Russian Federation outlined a new plan for the development of education: “The phased transition to normative per capita financing of higher professional education provides for the development of technology for conducting the Unified State Final Exam and its subsequent legislative consolidation.”

The implementation of the new plan began almost immediately. However, it was impossible to foresee all possible obstacles and pitfalls in advance. The Unified State Exam has undergone many changes during its existence. Its development was carried out in several conventional stages.

Stage 2001-2003

The experiment on introducing the Unified State Exam was launched by two resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation:
• “On the organization of an experiment on the introduction of a unified state exam” dated February 16, 2001
• “On the participation of educational institutions of secondary vocational education in the experiment on the introduction of a unified state exam” dated April 5, 2002.

Experimental regions were selected where the Unified State Exam was held for the first time in eight subjects: the Republic of Chuvashia, Mari El, Yakutia, Samara and Rostov regions. More than 30 thousand people and about 50 public universities in eight academic disciplines took part.

Before the start of the experiment, a large-scale campaign was launched to support the unified state exam. First of all, active work was carried out to inform the population through the media, conferences and trainings for teachers, and special classes in schools were held. At the same time, a powerful anti-corruption movement began throughout the entire education system.

The specific list of subjects for which the Unified State Exam was held in 2001-2008 was established by each region independently.

In 2002, the experiment to introduce a unified state exam took place in 16 regions of the country. It was taken by graduates of 8,400 schools; admission based on grades obtained on the Unified State Exam was carried out in 117 universities.

In 2003, 47 regions took part in the experiment, and in 11 of them, graduates took the Unified State Exam in all nine subjects of the school curriculum. The exam was conducted by 18.5 thousand Russian schools.

The number of universities that recruited students based on exam results increased significantly - to 245. The experiment included, among other things, some medical schools, as well as universities that train specialists in the field of culture and sports.

In short, the Unified State Exam was spreading very actively throughout the country. Already in 2004 - maximum in 2005 - the experiment was considered successful and they planned to make it mandatory.

Results

However, not everything was smooth sailing.

Voices of protest against the introduction of the Unified State Exam were loud. Many scientific and cultural figures, teachers, schoolchildren, and their parents were dissatisfied. They pointed out the main shortcomings of the Unified State Examination. It was argued that testing, in principle, is not capable of revealing the level of knowledge, and the learning process turns into “training” for an exam. Also, many spoke about the exorbitant complexity of tasks for schoolchildren, and the general increase in the load on students.

According to many, this form of certification lacked an individual approach to students and did not take into account the difference in the conditions of their education.

In addition, many prestigious (and not so prestigious) universities did not take into account the results of the Unified State Exam, so graduates had to endure a double load of exams.

Based on the results of the trial Unified State Examination, it was concluded that the regulatory framework requires significant improvements and modifications. A lot of problems arose with the work of examination commissions, filing appeals, and enrollment in universities.

In addition, problems were identified with the organization of the exam, both with the order of the procedure itself, and with the delivery and processing of results. But the questions and tasks of the Unified State Exam (USE) caused the most criticism.

Stage 2004-2006

Innovations

The task was set: over the course of three years, to solve the main problem of the Unified State Examination - reducing the burden on graduates by completely combining final and entrance exams. To achieve this, the number of universities accepting applicants based on the results of the Unified State Exam was significantly increased.

In 2004, 65 regions of Russia took the exam, the number of universities and colleges increased to 946 and 1,530, respectively. The number of general education subjects in which the Unified State Exam was taken has increased. In 2006, 950 thousand schoolchildren in 79 regions of Russia took the Unified State Exam.

Since 2004, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has taken part in an experiment to enroll cadets in the first courses of military universities based on the results of passing the Unified State Exam, and in 2005 introduced the State final certification in a new form (GIA) for graduates of the Suvorov military, Nakhimov naval schools and cadet schools buildings.

An important improvement was the possibility of correspondence admission of graduates to several universities at the same time. Moreover, it was possible to send documents to an unlimited number of educational institutions (from those that counted Unified State Exam results). Funding for the project has increased even more. The procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam has been significantly improved.

Testing for graduates began to be carried out in two stages: immediately after graduation (in May-June) and a month later. This was introduced so that schoolchildren still have enough strength for the exam, as well as time to send their results to more educational institutions.

Results

Of all the subjects of the Russian Federation, only Nizhny Novgorod region categorically refused to participate in the Unified State Examination experiment. Residents of Nizhny Novgorod explained this by saying that the Unified State Examination is incorrect in its essence, and their exam will be held only after the relevant government decisions in the normal mode, when it is legalized.

By 2005, it was not possible to complete the experiment, and it was decided to make the Unified State Exam mandatory by 2008. A resolution was issued: to complete as soon as possible the project of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the phased introduction of a unified state exam in the territory of Russian Federation", as well as to determine approaches to creating all-Russian system assessment of the quality of education.

However, a serious problem arose with the introduction of the Unified State Exam in creative universities. The rectors of the largest educational institutions categorically spoke out against the introduction of the Unified State Exam. True, the state exam did not cancel the creative competition, and applicants continued to take these disciplines in the same order. However, the main general education subjects (Russian language, literature, mathematics) in most creative universities were already counted according to the Unified State Examination results. The most important events took place in the capital dramatic changes: The Moscow Department of Education has obliged all educational institutions related to the arts to allocate 50% of specialties for applicants entering based on the results of the Unified State Exam. Literally only a few were able to bypass this decision.

However, despite the apparent success of the Unified State Exam, discontent still did not subside. To the old problems, another one has been added: the discrepancy between the requirements of the Unified State Exam and the school curriculum.

The main opponent of the introduction of the Unified State Exam, the rector of Moscow State University Viktor Sadovnichy, called the state exam “a forge of mediocrity.” His point of view was shared by almost all rectors of large universities in Russia. But at the same time, Vladimir Putin, in his address to the Federal Assembly, spoke unequivocally about the importance of a transparent procedure state inspection knowledge, meaning by this specifically the Unified State Exam.

Stage 2007-2009

Innovations

In 2007, the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, the Federal Law “On Higher and Postgraduate Education” was adopted. vocational education" and Art. 2 of the Federal Law “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with Improving the Separation of Powers.”

Until 2009, the procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam remained the same. The Regulations on the Unified State Examination, approved by order of the Ministry of Education seven years ago, continued to be in full force. The new amendments established in Russia until January 1, 2009 a transition period for the introduction of the Unified State Exam in full throughout Russia. They contained significant changes during the Unified State Examination.

First of all, school medals and SVE diplomas with honors lost their validity, and their holders were deprived of benefits: now they had to take the Unified State Exam under general conditions. However, the total number of beneficiaries increased significantly: outside the competition, subject to successful passing of the exam, not only orphans and children left without parental care, persons under the age of 23 (as previously decided), but also children of military personnel could enter universities. killed while performing military service duties or while participating in counter-terrorism operations. In addition, without entrance examinations, champions of the Olympic, Paralympic and Deaflympic Games received the right to enter training in areas of training (specialties) in the field physical culture and sports.

Also, the Federal Law of February 9, 2007 significantly expanded the number of Olympiads, according to the results of which a school graduate can be admitted to a higher educational institution with a minimum score on the Unified State Exam. From now on, their list will be approved annually by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.

Also, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, together with Rosobrnadzor, began the active development of additional legal acts regulating the issues of conducting the Unified State Examination and State Examination among graduates.

A specific deadline was set: by April 1, all colleges and universities must announce a list of specialties and forms of study for which admission was announced based on the results of the Unified State Examination, and a list of entrance tests. And on May 1, the admission rules should be fully published.

In 2008, over a million students in all regions took the Unified State Exam. The number of subjects of the Russian Federation where the Unified State Exam was held increased to 92 regions; 1,650 universities and 2,000 colleges began accepting students based on the exam results.

On January 1, 2009, amendments to the laws “On Education” and “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education” came into force, which declared the Unified State Examination mandatory for all graduates, regardless of whether they intend to continue their studies at a university or not. The state exam has also become mandatory for foreign citizens, stateless persons, refugees and internally displaced persons studying in Russian schools.

The Unified State Exam 2009 has been significantly transformed. In addition to the above points, other changes have been introduced. First of all, he began to play a major role in entering the university. The results of passing the Unified State Examination at school began to be counted as entrance exams at the same time.

To receive a certificate, schoolchildren had to pass only two compulsory exams - in the Russian language and mathematics, and to enter a university - four. Additional exams were determined depending on the university’s admission requirements, however, the results of entrance tests in the Russian language were mandatory for admission to all specialties.

Some universities (namely 24) have received permission from the government to conduct their own additional tests for some specialties. Additional tests were organized in creative and professional specialties that require special creative, physical or psychological qualities.

Also, each university is now required to set its own passing threshold before accepting applications. This is necessary in order to make it easier for those applicants whose scores are not high enough to choose an educational institution.

Documents for admission to a university could now be sent by mail, which made it much easier for graduates to enroll.

It has become more difficult to obtain admission to the Unified State Exam: now it is not enough just to complete 11th grade - you had to write a final test in mathematics and an essay in Russian for a positive grade.

The points received in the state exam no longer affect the final grades that are included in the certificate. However, if a graduate passes both mandatory exams unsatisfactorily, he is issued a certificate of study at the school, and is given the right to retake the exam only after a year.

The problem with recalculation and scaling of Unified State Exam results has been resolved: the conversion of points into grades has been cancelled. Now, upon graduating from school, a graduate received a separate certificate of passing the Unified State Exam and a certificate. Unified State Examination results are valid until December 31 of the year following the passing of the exam.

Results

The admissions campaign, which usually ran smoothly until the end of July, in 2009 ended only at the beginning of the school year. The main problem was the ability to apply to an unlimited number of universities and three “waves” of admission. Because of this, huge confusion and many scandals arose.

Difficulties also arose due to the fact that many applicants could not pick up the original documents for admission to the chosen university, since they had already been enrolled in another.

A lot of discontent arose due to the “influx” of applicants from the preferential category. The first list of state employees consisted almost entirely of applicants entering without competition. As a result, people with high Unified State Exam scores were faced with the need to either wait for the second wave or submit original documents to other universities. Successful applicants with good Unified State Exam results were often unable to enter their desired university.

The problem of uncertainty of applicants in their choice also emerged: they applied for a wide variety of areas, without gravitating towards any specific one. This created difficulties not only during enrollment, but also during further education.

2010

Innovations

KIMs in mathematics and literature have undergone some changes. This was preceded by the collapse of graduates in the previous year's exam: 25% of schoolchildren wrote an unsatisfactory grade in the mathematics exam. As for literature, the main problem was the impossibility of objectively assessing such an abstract, sometimes intuitive subject in test form. Math problems were transformed into more specific, everyday ones. The new tests required not only knowledge of formulas and rules, but also the ability to use them in practice, understanding the subject itself.

Graduates who graduated high school before January 1, 2009, i.e. before the Unified State Exam became mandatory, they received a choice. Now, when entering a university as a full-time student, they may not have to take the Unified State Exam, but rather take exams in the traditional form. Previously, this was allowed only to those who entered the correspondence and evening departments of universities.

The number of stages of admission to universities has decreased from three to two. This made it possible to timely determine whether the applicant scored the required number of points to enter the chosen university. The right of a student to pick up his documents from the admissions office of one university and send them to another, where he was admitted in the second wave, was strictly observed. Moreover, all this could be done within one day.

Universities received the right to set a minimum threshold of scores not only in the core, but also in all other subjects.

The target intake was reduced by 10%. In addition, the issue of its abolition in humanitarian areas, where there are too many graduates: lawyers, economists, managers, etc., has become relevant.

A new rule was also legislatively approved: this year applications could be submitted to no more than five universities, and no more than three directions in each.

To avoid repetition conflict situations, often arising due to the lack necessary information, the government obliged all universities to publish on their websites by February 1 own rules admission, areas of training, list of entrance tests.

Results

According to the All-Russian Society for the Protection of the Rights of Consumers of Educational Services and the Department of Economic Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in 2010, due to the mandatory state exam, the volume of corruption in education increased. Moreover, bribery has moved from universities to the school level. This became one of the main arguments of opponents of the introduction of the Unified State Exam in Russia.

Creative universities continue to defend their right to admit applicants not on the basis of Unified State Examination results, but on the basis of their own exams. There are those who succeed: Conservatory named after. P.I. Tchaikovsky, State Music College named after. Gnesins, RATI and the Moscow Art Theater School.

However, in most creative universities, the Unified State Examination results for at least one of the exams are taken into account. True, for now the state exam does not cancel traditional entrance tests.

At the same time, many educational institutions find a way to “bypass” the Unified State Exam. For example, higher theater schools named after. Shchepkina and them. Shchukin's state exam scores are counted only for essays, and then only for citizens of CIS countries. Medalists are given the opportunity to choose: present the results of the Unified State Exam or write an essay directly during the exam.

Limiting the number of educational institutions where documents could be submitted played a positive role: the rush and panic of 2009 was avoided. The admissions campaign went smoothly and quite successfully.

Another problem has arisen. In the context of an emerging demographic crisis, many universities began to reduce the passing grade in many specialties, as a result of which, often, they recruited not very well prepared students. This problem is most pressing now, since there are fewer and fewer graduates every year. The Ministry of Education and Science has focused its attention, first of all, on resolving this issue.

The introduction of the Unified State Exam and its evolution over almost 10 years made it clear that neither the Russian Government, nor the Ministry of Education and Science, nor the scientific community consider this form of knowledge assessment to be perfect. Every year the Unified State Exam has changed and will continue to change until it suits all participants in the educational process.

Stage 2011-2014

Innovations

In 2011, the rules for admission to universities for winners and prize-winners of this year's Olympiads changed. They could use their benefits for admission to only one university, and go to the rest according to a general competition based on the results of the Unified State Exam.

In 2012, the “Historical Portrait” task was introduced into Part “C” of the Unified State Examination in History. The essence of the task: choose one of the three proposed historical figures and briefly talk about him in the form of a mini-essay.

In addition, new, more complex options have appeared in part “B”. If previously it was enough to correctly compare a date and a person, now a historical event has also been added.”

The Unified State Examination in mathematics included problems in the section “Probability and Statistics” and assignments in the geometry course. The number of tasks in computer science computer simulations has also changed: in the first part their number was reduced from 18 to 13, in the second part it was increased from 10 to 15. The number of tasks in the sections “Elements of the Theory of Algorithms” and “Modeling and Computer Experiment” has increased, and there are fewer assignments in the sections “Number systems” and “Fundamentals of logic”.

In KIMs on literature, new tasks for choosing the correct answer from the proposed options have been introduced into the block of the basic level of complexity, but the total number of tasks remains the same.

During the Unified State Examination in 2013, more than 150 fragments of examination tasks were identified on the Internet in the public domain. In addition, in almost 2 thousand groups on social networks, graduates of 11th grade solved assignments online for everyone for a small fee.

Because of this, a large number of fake “stobalniks” appeared. As a result, the children who suffered were those who studied honestly throughout their entire period of schooling and relied only on their knowledge. Because of fake “stubble money”, many students were unable to enroll in state-funded departments at the universities they planned to attend. And they were forced to either postpone higher education or go to study on a commercial basis.

In November 2013, a letter from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation “On the validity of the Unified State Exam results” was published, which stated that the results of the unified state exam for admission to undergraduate and specialist programs are valid for four years following the year in which such results were obtained.

Results

Due to the fact that in 2013 there was a massive leak of KIMs of the state exam, Rosobrnadzor set the task of “working on mistakes” so that in 2014 year of the Unified State Exam passed on equal terms for all graduates.

In 2014, Rosobrnadzor plans to carry out a number of activities that will help avoid leaks of CIMs. For this purpose, an increase in examination materials and the number of options will be made. Each time zone will have its own versions of testing and measuring materials.

CTs will be delivered to the regions not three days before the exam, as before, but one day before. It is planned to place them in special storage facilities with a video surveillance system.

In addition, graduates of 2014 will have to take the Unified State Exam under the surveillance of video cameras that will be installed in classrooms and corridors. It is expected that cellular signal jammers will be installed in classrooms.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2015

• An oral part in foreign languages ​​has been added. This section can be included at the request of the participant.
• For individual achievements of schoolchildren, it was possible to receive up to 10 points towards the Unified State Examination results.
• The admission to the Unified State Exam was the essay, which was conducted in December. Grading - pass/fail. Upon admission, the university could evaluate the essay - up to a maximum of 10 points for the Unified State Examination.
• The test part of the Unified State Exam in Russian has been removed. For other subjects - a reduction in multiple-choice tasks.
• In CMMs, the division into blocks (A, B, C) was removed, and simple numbering remained.
• Division of the Unified State Examination in mathematics into basic and specialized levels.
• Most of the tasks are planned to be taken from an open bank. In the future, the formation of CIMs will be 100% from an open bank.
• Everyone will be allowed to take the Unified State Exam early - students and graduates of previous years.
• The Unified State Examination can be retaken this year.
• The Unified State Exam can be taken after 10th grade.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2016

Russian language.

All the main characteristics of the examination work are generally preserved. The selection of language material for completing tasks 7 and 8 has been expanded. The wording of task 25 has been clarified. The assessment criteria for task 25 have been clarified.

Mathematics.

Basic level There are no changes in the structure and content of the examination paper.

Profile level Two tasks are excluded from the first part: a practice-oriented task of a basic level of complexity and a task on stereometry of an increased level of complexity. The maximum primary score decreased from 34 to 32 points.

Story.

Tasks with a choice of one answer out of four (1–21 according to 2015 numbering) and a task to establish correspondence (24) were excluded from the work. New tasks for establishing correspondence have been added to part 1 of the work: knowledge of dates (2 according to 2016 numbering); on knowledge of basic facts, processes, phenomena (5); to work with textual historical sources (6); on knowledge of the basic facts of cultural history (17); a task on the history of the Great Patriotic War to fill in the gaps in sentences (8), as well as a task with a short answer to work with a historical source on the 20th century. (10). The task to test the ability to present the results of historical and educational activities in free form (40 according to the 2015 numbering) has been excluded from part 2 of the examination paper. A new task has been added, which involves writing a historical essay on a certain period of Russian history. In Part 1 of the 2016 examination paper, the arrangement of tasks has been changed: tasks are arranged in accordance with the principle of alternating activities. The writing time has been increased to 235 minutes.

Biology, literature.

There are no changes to the structure and content of the examination paper.

Chemistry.

In the work of 2016, compared to 2015, the following changes were adopted:
• In Part 1 of the work, the format of six tasks of a basic level of complexity with a short answer has been changed. These are the following tasks: - No. 6, its implementation involves the use of generalized knowledge about the classification and nomenclature of inorganic substances. The result of completing the task is to identify three correct answers out of six proposed options; − No. 11 and No. 18, their implementation involves the use of generalized knowledge about the genetic relationship of inorganic and organic substances. The result of completing the tasks is to identify two correct answers out of five proposed options. − No. 24, No. 25 and No. 26, the answer to these tasks is a number with a given degree of accuracy (instead of the number of the correct answer in the 2015 work). Also in part 1 of the work, the format of two tasks of an increased level of complexity has been changed - No. 34 and No. 35, which test the assimilation of knowledge of characteristic chemical properties hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing organic compounds. In the 2016 paper, these tasks are presented in the format of matching tasks (in the 2015 paper, these were multiple choice tasks).
• Based on an analysis of the 2015 Unified State Exam results, adjustments were made regarding the distribution of tasks by level of complexity and types of skills and methods of activity being tested. Thus, in particular, the expediency of checking the assimilation of the content element “Chemical equilibrium” is justified; shift of equilibrium under the influence of various factors” only with tasks of an increased level of complexity. At the same time, mastering knowledge of the characteristic chemical properties of nitrogen-containing organic compounds and biologically important substances is only at a basic level.

Spanish, German, French, English.

Social science.

The structure of the examination work has been optimized: – the logic of the structure of part 1 has been brought into line with the logic of part 2: tasks are focused on testing certain skills (requirements for the level of graduates’ training) on ​​various content elements; – from Part 1 of the work, tasks with a short answer in the form of one number corresponding to the number of the correct answer are excluded; As a result of the regrouping of tasks of various types, the total number of tasks in part 1 was reduced by 7 tasks. As a result, the total number of work tasks was reduced by 7 tasks (29 instead of 36). The maximum primary score for completing all work has not changed (62).

Physics.

The structure of the Unified State Exam KIM in 2016 was left unchanged. For task lines 2–5, 8–10 and 11–16, the range of controlled content elements has been expanded.

Informatics.

The 2016 CMM model has changed slightly compared to the 2015 CMM. The sequence of presentation of tasks 1–5 was changed. The number of tasks and the maximum primary score remained unchanged.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2017.

There are no changes in structure and content in the following subjects:
• Russian language.
• Mathematics (basic and specialized levels).
• Geography.
• Informatics.
• Literature.

Foreign languages: there are no changes in structure and content.
The wording of task 3 of the oral part of the exam has been clarified.

History: no changes in structure or content.
The maximum score for completing tasks 3 and 8 has been changed (2 points instead of 1).
The wording of task 25 and the criteria for its assessment have been improved

Social studies: no significant changes.
The structure of the block of tasks in Part 1, which tests the content of the “Law” section, is unified according to the model of the structure of blocks that test the content of other sections of the course: task 17 was added to select the correct judgments, the numbering of tasks 18 (formerly 17), 19 (formerly 18) was changed. Task 19 in the form in which it existed in the CMM of previous years is excluded from the work.

Biology: significant changes.

• Tasks with a choice of one answer are excluded from the examination work.
• The number of tasks has been reduced from 40 to 28.
• The maximum primary score was reduced from 61 in 2016 to 59 in 2017.
• The duration of the examination work has been increased from 180 to 210 minutes.
• Part 1 includes new types of tasks that differ significantly in type educational activities: filling in the missing elements of a diagram or table, finding the correctly indicated symbols in the figure, analysis and synthesis of information, including that presented in the form of graphs, diagrams and tables with statistical data.

Chemistry: significant changes.

The structure of the examination paper has been optimized:
• The structure of Part 1 of CMM has been fundamentally changed: tasks with a choice of one answer have been excluded; The tasks are grouped into separate thematic blocks, each of which contains tasks of both basic and advanced levels of difficulty.
• The total number of tasks has been reduced from 40 (in 2016) to 34.
• The rating scale has been changed (from 1 to 2 points) for completing tasks at a basic level of complexity, which test the assimilation of knowledge about the genetic connection of inorganic and organic substances (9 and 17).
• The maximum initial score for completing the work as a whole will be 60 points (instead of 64 points in 2016).

Physics: significant changes.
The structure of part 1 of the examination paper has been changed, part 2 has been left unchanged.
Tasks with a choice of one correct answer have been excluded from the examination work and tasks with a short answer have been added.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2018

There are no changes in structure and content in the following subjects:
• Mathematics (basic and specialized level)
• Geography
• Story
• Biology

Russian language: significant changes.
• The examination paper in the Russian language includes a basic level task (No. 20), testing knowledge of the lexical norms of the modern Russian literary language;
• The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 57 to 58.

Literature: significant changes.
• The requirements for completing tasks 9 and 16 have been clarified (the requirement to justify the choice of an example for comparison has been cancelled);
• The fourth topic of the essay has been introduced (17.4). 3) The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks with a detailed answer (8, 9, 15, 16, 17) have been completely redesigned;
• The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.

Social science: significant changes.
• The assessment system for task 28 has been reworked;
• The wording of task 29 has been detailed and the system of its assessment has been changed;
• The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 62 to 64.

Computer Science and ICT:
• In task 25, the ability to write an algorithm in natural language was removed due to the lack of demand for this option by exam participants;
• Examples of program texts and their fragments in tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25 in the C language have been replaced with examples in the C++ language, as it is much more relevant and widespread.

Foreign languages: There are no changes to the CMM structure.
• The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks 39 and 40 have been clarified.

Chemistry: significant changes.
• One high-level task (No. 30) with a detailed answer has been added. By changing the scoring of tasks in part 1;
• The maximum primary score for completing all work remained unchanged (60).

Physics: significant changes.
• One basic level task (#24) has been added to Part 1, testing elements of astrophysics;
• The maximum primary score for completing all work has been increased from 50 to 52 points.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2019

In 2019, school graduates will be required to choose one of two levels of the Unified State Exam in their application for participation in the Unified State Exam. mathematics: either basic or profile.

If a graduate fails the Unified State Exam in mathematics, he can replace the previously chosen level and take it again on reserve days. And those who did not pass the profile level even on reserve days will be able to pass the basic level to receive a certificate in September.

In 2019 graduates of previous years Those who already have a certificate cannot take basic level mathematics.

Since 2017 test part of the tasks The Unified State Exam is excluded from almost all testing and measuring materials. To the previously excluded test parts, the exclusion of the test part from the Unified State Examination tasks in three more subjects has been added: physics, biology and chemistry. Exam participants must enter the answer themselves, and not choose it from those proposed.

In 2019, for the first time, the Unified State Examination will be conducted according to Chinese language. It will become the fifth language of choice for Unified State Examination participants, along with English, German, French and Spanish.

In 2019 certificate with honors will be awarded to those graduates who have final marks “excellent” in all academic subjects, have successfully passed the state final certification, and also passed the Unified State Examination in Russian language and specialized-level mathematics with at least 70 points or 5 points on the Unified State Examination in basic-level mathematics.

Since 2019, the Unified State Exam has become the main form of state final certification for graduates of Crimea and Sevastopol.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2019

In KIM, additional instructions and reminders have been introduced for all academic subjects for Unified State Examination participants to check the recording of answers on forms No. 1 and No. 2 under the corresponding task numbers. All changes in the Unified State Exam KIM are not of a fundamental nature. In most subjects, the wording of tasks is being clarified and the system of assessing tasks is being improved to increase the differentiating ability of examination work.

There are no changes in structure and content in the following subjects:
• Mathematics (basic and specialized level);
• Geography;
• Physics;
• Chemistry;
• Computer Science and ICT.

Russian language:
• The number of tasks in the examination paper has been increased from 26 to 27 due to the introduction of a new task (21), testing the ability to conduct punctuation analysis of the text;
• Changed the format of tasks 2, 9–12;
• The range of tested spelling and punctuation skills has been expanded.
• The difficulty level of individual tasks has been clarified;
• The wording of task 27 with a detailed answer has been clarified;
• The assessment criteria for task 27 have been clarified.

Literature:

The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks with a detailed answer have been clarified:
• corrections have been made to the assessment of tasks 8 and 15 (wording of criterion 1 with a description of the requirements for an answer for 2 points, rules for calculating factual errors in criterion 2),
• in tasks 9 and 16 (criteria 1 and 2 take into account possible options for flaws in the answer),
• in tasks 17.1–17.4 (counting logical errors was added to criterion 4).

Social science:
• The wording was detailed and the assessment system for task 25 was revised;
• The maximum score for completing task 25 has been increased from 3 to 4;
• The wording of tasks 28, 29 has been detailed, and their assessment systems have been improved;
• The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 64 to 65.

Foreign languages: There are no changes in the structure and content of the CMM.
• The criteria for assessing the performance of task 40 of the “Writing” section in the written part of the exam have been clarified, as well as the wording of task 40, in which the exam participant is offered a choice of two topics for an extended written statement with elements of reasoning “My opinion”

What is the Unified State Examination?

The Unified State Exam (USE) has become firmly established in the lives of school graduates. Since 2009, the Unified State Exam has been the main form of state final certification of graduates of 11 (12) grades of schools in the Russian Federation, as well as a form of entrance tests to Russian universities. At the same time, disputes surrounding the feasibility and procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam do not subside to this day, and changes are made annually. But, first of all, it would be worthwhile to figure out what it is - the Unified State Exam.

Unified State Exam (USE) - this is a form of state final certification (GIA) for educational programs of secondary general education. When conducting the Unified State Exam, control measuring materials (CMMs) are used, which are sets of tasks of a standardized form, as well as special forms for filling out answers to tasks.

Admission to take the Unified State Exam from the 2014/2015 academic year is final essay (presentation) , which graduates write in 11th (12th) grade.

What subjects can be taken (USE 2017)

To obtain a certificate, it is enough to successfully pass two compulsory subjects: Russian language and mathematics (basic).

It should be noted that, if desired, a student can take both basic and specialized mathematics.

Having received a certificate, a graduate can continue his education at higher educational institutions, technical schools, colleges, etc. But in order to enter a university, he must pass elective subjects and, if necessary, specialized mathematics . For most universities, it is enough to pass a total of three Unified State Examinations, but some educational institutions require more. Information about entrance examinations and the minimum number of points required for submitting documents is published on the websites of universities. Therefore, already at the beginning of the 10th (11th) grade, it is worth deciding on the choice of subjects that the student plans to take, in order to pay more attention to these disciplines.

Depending on the desired educational institution, additional subjects are selected: some need physics for admission, some need social studies, and some need biology. There are educational institutions where, in addition to the Unified State Exam results, you will have to take an additional exam related to your future professional activity, as a rule, this is a creative exam.

In addition to Russian and mathematics (basic and/or specialized), you can take 12 subjects:

- Physics
- Chemistry
- Story
- Social science
- Computer science and information and communication technologies (ICT)
- Biology
- Geography
- Literature
- English language
- German language
- French language
- Spanish language

Participants take these 2017 Unified State Exam subjects on a voluntary basis. You can donate any number of items from this list.

The list of entrance examinations in universities for each specialty (direction of training) is determined by the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated September 4, 2014. No. 1204 (as amended on October 13, 2015) “On approval of the list of entrance tests for admission to higher education educational programs - undergraduate programs and specialty programs.”

Unified State Exam 2017 deadlines

To conduct the Unified State Exam 2017, three stages are established: an early period (late March - early May), the main stage (late May - early July) and an additional period (September deadlines). Within each period, main and reserve days for taking exams are established. To pass the Unified State Examination in the main stage, you must submit an application before March 1.

As in 2016, the schedule, along with reserve dates for conducting the Unified State Examination in individual academic subjects, provides an additional reserve day for conducting exams in all academic subjects. It is necessary for those participants who, for any reason, were unable to participate in the exam on the main or reserve day, for example, due to the coincidence of two chosen subjects on the same day or absence from the exam for a valid reason.

Rules and procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam 2017

When taking the Unified State Exam, the exam procedure is strictly followed. The exam in all academic subjects starts at 10.00 local time. The Unified State Exam is conducted in writing in Russian (with the exception of the “Speaking” section in the Unified State Exam in foreign languages). When appearing for the exam, the Unified State Exam participant must present an identification document (hereinafter referred to as a passport). In addition to the passport, the USE participant takes with him a pen, medicine and food (if necessary), teaching and educational tools (for mathematics, a ruler; for physics - a ruler and a non-programmable calculator; for chemistry - a non-programmable calculator; for geography - a ruler, protractor, non-programmable calculator) ; USE participants with disabilities, disabled children and disabled people - special technical means. All other personal items are left in a designated area. During the exam, Unified State Examination participants are prohibited from carrying with them a notice of registration for exams, communications equipment, electronic computer equipment, photo, audio and video equipment, reference materials (except those permitted, which are contained in the KIM), written notes and other means of storage and transfer of information.

During the assembly and seating in the classroom, Unified State Exam participants are constantly accompanied by representatives from the school (chaperones) and organizers, whose instructions must be strictly followed. In case of any controversial issues, please contact the organizers. During the exam, USE participants are prohibited from taking exam materials (EM) on paper and (or) electronic media, writing materials, written notes and other means of storing and transmitting information from the classrooms and PPE, taking photographs of EM, talking to each other, exchanging any materials and objects with other USE participants, rewrite KIM assignments into drafts with the stamp of the USE educational organization, arbitrarily leave the classroom and move around the PPE without the accompaniment of an organizer outside the classroom. In case of violations of these requirements and refusal to comply with them, the organizers, together with members of the State Examination Commission (SEC), have the right to remove the Unified State Examination participant from the exam. The examination work of such a participant is not checked.

Unified State Exam forms

Particular attention should be paid to filling out the forms - the quality of the check and the results will depend on this. There are specific instructions for completing the forms that students will be introduced to at their school. In addition, you need to carefully read the instructions for performing the work specified in the CMM and strictly adhere to them. For all questions about filling out, please contact the organizers who are present in the audience. All forms must be filled out only with a gel or capillary pen with black ink.

Minimum points

The minimum number of points that a Unified State Exam participant needs to score is established by Rosobrnadzor order No. 794-10 dated March 23, 2015. “On establishing the minimum number of points in the Unified State Examination required for admission to undergraduate and specialty programs, and the minimum number of points in the Unified State Examination confirming completion of the educational program of secondary general education”

to obtain a certificate :
- Russian language - 24 points (according to the 100-point grading system);
- profile-level mathematics - 27 points (according to the 100-point grading system);
- basic level mathematics - 3 points (according to a five-point grading system).

Minimum number of points required to pass compulsory subjects for admission to a university (submission of documents) :
- Russian language - 36 points ;
- profile-level mathematics - 27 points (according to a hundred-point rating system) .

Minimum number of points required to pass elective subjects (according to a hundred-point rating system) :
- physics - 36 points;
- chemistry - 36 points;
- computer science and information and communication technologies (ICT) - 40 points;
- biology - 36 points;
- history - 32 points;
- geography - 37 points;
- social studies - 42 points;
- literature - 32 points;
- foreign languages ​​(English, German, French, Spanish) - 22 points.

It should be noted here that the passing scores required for admission to a university for budget-funded places in many universities in the country significantly exceed the minimum number of points. For admission to paid education, the minimum points are quite enough, of course, if the number of paid places is not limited.

Scaling Unified State Exam results

The Unified State Exam results for each exam are first calculated in primary scores depending on the tasks completed. Then the primary scores are converted into USE test scores on a 100-point scale based on statistical data. It is this result that is necessary to obtain a certificate and enter a university. This procedure is called scaling. It is carried out for all subjects, with the exception of the Unified State Examination in basic level mathematics. Unified State Exam results in basic level mathematics are given in primary scores (0-20) or as a percentage of the maximum score (0-100%), can be converted into marks on a five-point scale, but are not converted into a hundred-point scale of test scores.

Unified State Exam 2017 results

The Unified State Exam results of each participant are entered into the federal information system, paper certificates of USE results are not provided. The results are valid for 4 years following the year in which such results were obtained.

Retake the Unified State Exam

If a Unified State Exam participant (current year graduate) receives a result below the established minimum number of points in one of the compulsory subjects, he has the right to retake it in additional terms provided for by the unified schedule.

If a USE participant (all categories) does not receive the minimum number of USE points in elective subjects, retaking the USE for such USE participants is provided only after a year.

Graduates of 2017 who received unsatisfactory results in two compulsory academic subjects (Russian language and mathematics), or who repeatedly received an unsatisfactory result in one of these subjects at the State Academic Examination in additional terms, will have the opportunity to participate in the Unified State Examination in Russian language and basic level mathematics in additional ( September) period.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam

To successfully pass the exams, of course, you need to prepare a lot and persistently on your own. It is worth remembering that the higher the scores obtained on the Unified State Exam, the easier it is to enter the best universities in our country. It is necessary to solve tests in selected subjects, because the more KIMs solved, the more successful the graduate will be in the exam. It's no secret that the main thing in working with tests, of course, besides knowledge, is the opportunity to get better at it. This is why you need to pass as many tests in subjects as possible. Today on the Internet you can find many sites offering CMMs for various subjects. One of the most convenient sites where you can prepare before the Russian language exam is

The Russian language is one of the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Exam. Without a positive exam result, the graduate simply will not receive a certificate of secondary education. What is the current version of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language? What should you consider when preparing?

All Unified State Examination tasks in the Russian language assume a good knowledge of the school curriculum and do not go beyond its scope. Nevertheless, the tasks are structured in such a way that they test a wide variety of students’ knowledge and their ability to work with text.

Testing and measuring materials (CMM) in Russian consist of two parts. The first part includes 24 tasks with a short answer or with a choice of the correct answer options. The second part involves writing an essay based on the text you read.

First part

Let's take a closer look at the tasks of the first part. The examination paper opens with a short text in a scientific style. The first task in the initial stages of preparation often causes difficulty for schoolchildren. It requires finding sentences that contain the main information of the text. What can you recommend? You need to find the key words in the text, the most important from the point of view of content. And then find answers that contain all these words.

Task No. 4

Task No. 4 also causes difficulties, because it tests knowledge of spelling norms, in other words, the ability to put stress in words. But some words in everyday life are often pronounced incorrectly, we become accustomed to their incorrect pronunciation. In fact, these words have to be relearned in preparation for the exam.

Task No. 7

Task No. 7 is very “expensive”. If done correctly, it can earn you as many as five primary points. But it is also very complex, because it includes huge amount grammatical rules. Here is the ability to use participles and participial phrases, and the ability to correctly choose the form of a word under certain prepositions, and the ability to construct simple and complex sentences. And not just construct the correct construction yourself, but find errors in already proposed sentences, among which there are some that are absolutely correct from a grammatical point of view. Preparation for this task must begin in advance, then it becomes clear which constructions may be erroneous.

Tasks No. 8-14

Tasks eight through fourteen test knowledge of spelling, rules for writing words, starting with the vowels at the root of the word and ending combined-separate writing words of different parts of speech. Traditionally, the greatest difficulty is in writing not with different parts of speech (task 12), spelling n, nn (task 14), as well as continuous separate spellings(task 13). In task 13 there are words that can be partial homonyms, that is, they are pronounced the same, but are written differently. So you should also pay attention to these rules.

Tasks No. 15-19

Tasks fifteen to nineteen test the ability to place punctuation marks in sentences of various syntactic structures. It is important to understand what kind of sentence is in front of you: simple or complex, whether it contains homogeneous members, appeals, introductory constructions. Of course, knowledge of the rules learned in grades 5-9 is tested.

Tasks No. 20-24: working with text

Then, those writing the exam are offered a large text in an artistic or journalistic style. Tasks twenty to twenty-four test knowledge about the text as such. How much does the student understand the content of the passage read, does he understand the types of speech and the means of connecting sentences in the text. Completing task 24 can earn you 4 primary points if done correctly. The task tests knowledge about the means of artistic expression used in the proposed text. Please note that the task contains hints: it is indicated what type of means of expression is used: syntactic, lexical, trope (a word in a figurative meaning). Of course, this material also needs to be repeated.

Second part

The second part of the exam paper asks you to write an essay based on the text you read. Let us immediately pay attention to the type of speech. Essay-reasoning. That is, your work should have a clear structure: thesis, arguments, conclusion. An essay on the Russian language is written according to:

• First, we indicate the problem of the text we read. There may be more than one problem in the text. You need to choose one.
• Secondly, you need to comment on the formulated problem. Essentially, this is the answer to the question why the author started talking about this. The commentary is taken from the text. What the author saw in the life around him, what he heard, remembered, read, what he spoke about the specified problem.
• Third, you need to determine the author’s position on the issue raised.
• Fourth, express your point of view. This will be your thesis. You can agree with the author, or you can disagree.
• Fifth, choose two arguments to defend your point of view. Moreover, you will receive the highest possible score for this criterion only if one of the arguments is from fiction, scientific literature or journalism. The second one could be from real life. You can, of course, give two arguments from life, but you will lose one point. Sixth, you need to draw a conclusion by summing up your thoughts. This is exactly the way we see the examination work being assessed when checking the work.

Thus, we see that there is nothing beyond the scope of the school curriculum in the examination paper. But the volume of material being tested is quite large. Therefore, you need to start preparing, of course, in advance. It would be nice to write the work completely, identify problem areas and work on them. You will know which questions are difficult for you. If you start studying in advance, for example, from the beginning of the school year, then there is every chance of not only passing the exam, but passing it very well.

Despite the ambiguous attitude towards mandatory state exams among school graduates and their parents, the cancellation of the Unified State Exam in 2019 should not be expected. Judging by the trend that took place in 2017 and 2018, students will have to prepare even more efficiently for final tests and begin preparation not at the beginning of 11th grade, but much earlier.

If in the 2018-2019 academic year you have to graduate from school and choose a university, we strongly recommend that you become interested in such questions as:

Required subjects

Although today it is too early to talk about any final decisions regarding the final tests that should take place in the 2018-2019 academic year, employees of the Ministry of Education and Science are still ready to slightly lift the veil of secrecy. We managed to find out that in 2019 the Unified State Examination will definitely have new compulsory subjects.

Compulsory subjects are Russian language and Mathematics.

History could be added to the compulsory subjects (basic or specialized mathematics and Russian language) in 2019. The Ministry of Education and Science emphasizes that every citizen should know the history of his country and be able to distinguish historical facts from profanity and fakes, which recent years began to appear more and more often against the backdrop of confrontation between countries in the information field.

As an elective subject, graduates will be able to choose:

• social science;
• physics;
• chemistry;
• history;
• computer science;
• foreign language;
• geography;
• biology;
• literature.

In the list of available for delivery foreign languages will be present: English, German, French, Spanish and Chinese.

As before, tests for future applicants will begin at the beginning of winter with the writing of the December essay, which has already become a traditional start to the graduation campaign.

Thus, today, while studying in the 10th grade, future graduates must decide in which direction they would like to continue their studies and decide how many and what subjects they need to pass for this at the Unified State Exam in 2019.

Innovations and changes in the Unified State Exam 2019

If you believe Vasilyeva’s promises, there will be no fundamental changes in the 2018-2019 season. The innovations introduced in 2017 and 2018 have proven themselves to be excellent, and therefore will remain in the new exam cards.

The following important changes are expected:

1. Mandatory oral part in the Unified State Exam in Russian (the exam will be divided into two days).
2. A new task in the written exam in the Russian language, number 21, where you need to show your knowledge of punctuation. Also, the test part will include fewer hints than before. Comments on the topic of the essay will be highly appreciated (+ additional 5 points).
3. Development of new CMMs in literature, focused on revealing the creative potential of the examinee.
4. In the Unified State Exam in history, the quotation should not contain unnecessary information that is not related to the context, otherwise the answer will not be counted (this applies to task number 21). As for task No. 2, here you will have to fill out the table yourself, and not choose 2 of the 5 presented answer options.
5. Adding so-called “integrated problems” to mathematics tickets, for solving which students will need to accumulate knowledge from different areas of algebra and geometry.
6. As for biology, task number 6 will be in the form of a picture, and not in text format.
7. The computer science exam will be held only using a PC (without the “paper” part).
8. The maximum score for social studies has been increased - now it is not 64, but 65.
9. Chinese language exam with written and oral parts.
10. Tightening of rules aimed at ensuring the reliability of the results obtained.

Perhaps for schoolchildren who did not approach the study of individual subjects responsibly enough and realized their lack of knowledge only after entering the 11th grade, the information about how many subjects they will have to take for the Unified State Exam in 2019 will be frightening. But, the purpose of such innovations is to provide competitive universities in the country with students who have the necessary amount of knowledge.

For more information about the innovations expected in the Unified State Exam, see the interview with Olga Vasilyeva.

Unified State Exam calendar for 2019

According to the approved schedule of the Unified State Exam, graduates of the 2018-2019 academic year will write the December essay on the following dates:

• main session - 05.12.18;
• 1st retake – 02/06/19;
• 2nd retake – 05/08/19.

The early period will take place from 03/20/19 to 04/10/19 according to the established schedule:

The calendar for the main session of the Unified State Exam in 2019 will be as follows:

In September, graduates will be able to retake only compulsory subjects. The retake schedule will be as follows:

Minimum and passing scores

By completing Unified State Examination tasks, the graduate gains test points, which are converted into final results on a certain scale. It is not yet known whether there will be changes in the 2019 table. But, with a high degree of probability, it can be argued that the system of minimum and passing scores will remain.

• Minimum score– a necessary condition for obtaining an education document. Dial minimum score the subjects are easy. To do this, it is enough to master theory and practice at a basic level.
• Passing score– a necessary condition for entry into the university chosen by the graduate. You should look for information about passing scores for a specific specialty at the university of interest on the official website of the educational institution.

Retake

Some good news is the fact that in 2019 it will be possible to retake not only compulsory subjects, but also any Unified State Examination. But, only one!

For graduates of previous years who received an unsatisfactory result, as well as for those who “failed” more than 1 subject or were found to have violated discipline, there will be no retakes.

If a graduate was unable to appear on the test day for a valid reason (documented), he will receive 2 more attempts.

• on the reserve day of the session;
• during the fall session.

Since the Unified State Examination certificate remains valid for 4 years, the autumn retake opens up for the graduate the prospect of entering a university next year, or even in 2019-2020 in faculties that have a shortage of students.

Preparation

Reading our article today, you are in time to think about preparing for the final tests that await you in 11th grade.

Experienced teachers, who have years of effective preparation of graduates to pass the Unified State Exam, recommend reaching the intended goal using the following algorithm:

1. Determine which faculty you would like to enroll in.
2. Find out what compulsory subjects (Unified State Examination certificates) the university requires from applicants in 2019.
3. Find out what changes are expected in 2019 in the main subjects of the Unified State Exam (the official FIPI website will help with this).
4. Step by step repeat all the topics of the school course in subjects, practicing solving test tickets for 2018 and 2019.
5. Attend preparation courses for the Unified State Exam or contact a tutor.

Unfortunately, practice shows that simply good knowledge of the subject is not enough to successfully pass the Unified State Exam. Practice in solving problems of a certain type is required. By gaining experience in solving Unified State Exam questions while preparing for exams, students form a strategy for completing tasks and gain confidence in their own abilities, which is an indispensable assistant in achieving success.

Subscribe to our updates or join our groups on social networks and you will not miss important changes and the latest news about what 11th grade students should expect at the Unified State Exam in 2019.

We also suggest watching a video of the All-Russian meeting of the head of Rosobrnadzor with parents, at which issues important for future graduates were raised.

On May 27, 2019, the main stage of the Unified State Exam begins in Russia. This is a mandatory unified state exam for all 11th grade students. Based on its results, students are issued a school leaving certificate and are enrolled in universities.

Ekaterina Miroshkina

monitors the Unified State Exam

The Unified State Examination is taken strictly according to the schedule. On one day, one exam for all graduates of all cities.

Geography and literature are taken on May 27, social studies is written on June 10, and the main stage will end on June 13 in biology, computer science and ICT. A few more days are reserved for those who could not come for a good reason.

We have examined the complex issues that concern graduates and their parents during the Unified State Examination period.

What will you learn

Can I change elective exams? If you indicated one subject in the application, and now decide to take another?

Additional exams could be chosen until February 1st. You cannot simply change the list of exams - only for a good reason, with the permission of the commission and if there are at least two weeks left before the exam.

A valid reason in such cases is, for example, when a university suddenly includes a new subject in the list of entrance exams. This is a violation on the part of the university, but it happens.

If you have chosen several exams in reserve in February, you don’t have to come to the one you don’t need.

You don’t have to donate the extra ones

For example, if the application indicated computer science, physics, history and social studies, and after computer science it became clear that there were enough points, you may not come to history and social studies. Nothing will happen for this.

If a graduate decides to enroll in another university and does not have enough exams, he will have to wait until next year. This also happens: it is unpleasant, but not fatal.

What happens if you don’t show up for the exam you need to take?

If you do not come for a good reason - for example due to illness - you can take the exam on reserve days. After the main stage is over, those who missed the exams will be allowed to take the exams. A valid reason must be supported by documents. If there are no documents, you will not be allowed to take exams on the reserve day.

If you fail to pass the Russian language and basic mathematics at all, you will not be issued a school leaving certificate. But these subjects will be allowed to be retaken this year.

Don't come to mandatory meetings - only for a good reason

A missed elective exam will only be retaken after one year.

If you realize that you cannot come to the exam, be sure to call your class teacher and subject teacher. They will tell you what to do next, where to go, what documents to collect and when you can retake it. You can call teachers even late at night or early in the morning: during the Unified State Examination period they are usually always in touch, because sometimes they are more worried than the graduates. At least that's what all the teachers we talked to told us.

When will the results of the Unified State Exam be known?

Typically, inspections at all levels take a maximum of two weeks. Results may be published earlier, but not later than the scheduled date.

Who checks the work? How objective are the assessments?

Each work is checked by several people. The test part is checked by the computer. There are clear instructions for checking, so subjectivity is almost excluded. There may be different interpretations for oral subjects or essay, but usually the deviation is one or two points. If the examiners have different assessments, the result will be determined in favor of the graduate.

All forms are anonymous. Work for verification is distributed among experts automatically. No one knows that this particular student wrote a particular work. And students do not know who will get their work, even if they try to leave some kind of mark on the form.

After verification in your region, the work can be sent for cross-regional verification. And then, until March 1 of the next year, they are randomly checked again.

It's better not to negotiate with anyone

Negotiating with the commission, looking for acquaintances and paying money for verification is a huge risk. This is illegal. And no one can guarantee that everything will work out: the examination of the Unified State Examination is strictly controlled, including at the federal level. If something like this is discovered, everyone will be punished. And the exam results will not be counted at all, even if the work is really well written.

If you don’t agree with the results, what should you do?

File an appeal. There are two working days for this after the results become officially known.

It is worth filing an appeal if you know for sure that, for example, the essay was written perfectly. You cannot appeal the test part based on the results of your answers. The maximum that can be counted on is that the signs were not recognized correctly during the check, but the chances are slim.

Sometimes, based on the results of an appeal, the number of points is reduced, although the graduate was counting on an increase. You need to think carefully before drawing attention to your work.

How to find out the answers to the Unified State Exam in advance? They say they can be bought or found in other regions.

No. Leakage of Unified State Examination results is excluded. If some websites offer to buy test answers, they are scammers. No one knows the content of the test materials until students sit down at their desks and the exam officially begins.

Sometimes teachers themselves say that they found out what the options would be. Or one of the inspectors offers to buy them through an acquaintance. Don't trust anyone.

There are no answers to the Unified State Examination. What they sell is not the answer

There have already been cases when parents paid 50 thousand rubles or even more, but there was not a single match.

Teachers are not scammers, they want the best and may themselves think that they have got the right options. They sit and decide the night before the exam, as if to help. And then during the exam it turns out that the tasks and answers are different.

Can I take my phone to the exam?

It is forbidden. You cannot take anything to the exam except your passport and a pen. For some items you are allowed to take a ruler, calculator or protractor. Where the exam is held, there are metal detectors at the entrance.

Even if you managed to smuggle your phone in, you still probably won’t be able to use it. Here are some real situations where graduates tried to use the phone and it didn’t work out.

Ivan put the phone in the pocket sewn to his underpants and said that the detector reacts to piercings. He carried the phone and left it in the toilet. I wanted to take time off during the exam and consult with the teacher via WhatsApp.

After the exam began, the inspectors inspected the toilets and removed all stashes of communication equipment from there. It was a shame to go get a phone, and Ivan was left without a new Samsung. Until September, he was afraid that somehow it would be discovered that it was his phone, and the exam results would be canceled.

Everything worked out well: Ivan passed the exam himself and received a good score. If he had been caught, he would not have entered this year.

Anya carried the phone in her bra, hid it securely in the toilet, and no one found it. During the exam, Anya asked for time off, took the phone, but was unable to use it. There was a device on the floor to suppress the communication signal. The phone turned out to be useless.

At the Unified State Examination in mathematics, Anya relied on her phone: last year her friend succeeded. As a result, Anya missed five points and now her parents pay 80 thousand rubles a year.

Vitya carried the phone in his sneaker straight into the classroom where the exam was being held. I was afraid to leave it in the toilet because they might find it. Vitya didn’t need a communication signal either: he had no intention of writing or calling. He photographed the physics formulas on his phone in advance. I wanted to take time off and take a peek if a difficult task came up.

Vitya almost succeeded. But at 10:30 the phone vibrated with a call from the grandmother, who was very worried about her grandson. He was not accepted into physics and was unable to get into a good technical university.

Some manage to both carry the phone and use it. But this is a violation.

Can you bring cheat sheets? Will they be able to be used?

Theoretically, it’s easier to carry cheat sheets than a phone, but it’s better not to bring them in - this is also illegal. Inspectors do not have the right to ask a student to undress, grope him or check his pockets. The metal detector does not respond to crib sheets, but they are found in the toilets and taken away before the exam begins.

You won’t be able to use cheat sheets or additional literature directly during the exam. Video cameras are installed in all rooms and broadcast on the Internet. It is monitored in real time and then selectively reviewed after the exam.

It also happens like this.

Zhenya wrote a list of words with the correct accent on masking tape and stuck it on her legs under her skirt.. Zhenya is an excellent student and knows Russian well, but all her friends did this, and she too, just in case. The cheat sheet was of no use to her: she already knew the words.

Two hours later, Zhenya asked to go to the toilet and forgot about the tape. The crib sheets peeled off and slipped under the tights onto my knees. This was noticed by a member of the commission in the corridor. Zhenya should have been removed from the exam in disgrace. She miraculously and with tears managed to persuade the inspector not to report the violation. And although Zhenya was met halfway, she was so worried that she wrote the essay poorly and didn’t get enough points for the journalism department. To be fair, almost all currently practicing journalists advise against going to journalism departments.

Vika and Lisa made history cheat sheets for two. They also took answers to tests that were sold to them as if they were real. To avoid being caught, they divided it all in half. Classmates ended up in different classrooms and agreed in advance to meet at 11 o’clock in the toilet.

They asked for time off, as agreed, at the same time, but did not take into account that they were being taken to different toilets - each was taken to the one that was closer. It didn’t work out to meet, but Lisa needed the crib sheets that Vika took with her.

Cheat sheets should be written before the exam just to remember better. You should not take them with you to the exam. There are no ideal options without risk; everything cannot be foreseen. Something can always go wrong, and not only the budget, but also the school leaving certificate will be at risk.

Is it possible to negotiate with the exam committee to help? Can you give me some advice?

No, no one will tell you anything. You can only ask a question after filling out the form. It must be answered loudly and clearly. Calling a member of the commission over and asking for help in a whisper will not work.

Such requests have no practical meaning. The committee consists of teachers in other subjects or administrative workers.

Members of the commission are monitored by other commission members, public observers, Rosobrnadzor and the prosecutor's office. Everything is very strict. If someone helps a graduate, they will be fined.

If everything is correct on the draft, but there is an error on the form, which answer will be counted?

The answer that is on the official form is always counted. Drafts are not graded.

You need to properly allocate time to check your work and have time to rewrite everything without errors.

What if I feel bad during the exam?

You need to contact a healthcare professional. He is always present in the audience. Then they will act according to the situation. If it is not possible to continue the work, this will be recorded, but the results will not be evaluated. It will be possible to retake it on a reserve day.

If you need to take medication during the exam, this is permitted. If you need to drink juice, eat sweets or get an injection, that’s also possible. You can bring water or chocolate with you, but you won’t be able to use them as cheat sheets: everything will be checked. If they find inscriptions, they will be removed without the right to retake.

If you don’t get enough points this year and you can’t study for a fee, what should you do?

If you fail to score even the minimum in basic subjects, you will not be given a certificate. Basic subjects will be offered to be retaken on a reserve day or in the fall.

If the scores are above the minimum, but still low, you can retake the exams in the required subjects next year and choose the best result.

Unified State Exam results are valid for four years. For example, if a graduate did well in Russian and biology, but got nervous in mathematics and missed three points, you can retake mathematics in a year and apply to the university again.

It is unreasonable to postpone admission just because you don’t have enough points to get into a prestigious university. Anything can happen in a year.

A simpler university is better than waiting a year

There is no guarantee that next year you will be able to pass the exams well, and the passing score will not be increased. It is better to choose a faculty or university that is simpler, and then look for options for transferring or enrolling again.

Ksyusha wanted to become a microbiologist or virologist. She chose biology and chemistry from additional subjects, but she was unable to enter the medical academy for free. In order not to waste a year, Ksyusha submitted documents to the Institute of Food Production, where chemistry was also required. She entered on a budget and got a room in a dorm. The following year, she changed her mind about taking the Unified State Exam again and remained at her university. Now Ksyusha has already received a diploma, works as a food technologist at an international enterprise and earns five times more than her doctor parents.

If there are not enough points at all for admission to the budget, there is an option not to apply, prepare, and retake the Unified State Exam next year.

Sergei also wanted to become a doctor, but did not pass biology well and did not pass the budget. He had a deferment from the army, so in order not to lose a year, he entered a medical college in his city and was preparing to retake the Unified State Exam. If it hadn’t worked out, Sergei would have stayed in college, studied to become a paramedic and still worked in medicine, as he dreamed of.

But he succeeded. The following year, he retook biology and, with the same results in Russian and mathematics, entered the cardiologist's degree. By that time, he had also managed to get a referral from their local cardiology clinic, which also helped.

What are the ways to do well on the Unified State Exam?

To pass the Unified State Exam well, you need to prepare for it. It's better to start in tenth grade. You can prepare on your own or with a tutor.

Shortly before exams, it is most effective to solve tests from previous years. The tasks in the Unified State Examination are standard and in different years there may be very similar ones. If there is a tutor, he will select the correct preparation method taking into account the student’s abilities.

What is the best thing to do before the exam?

Graduates need to sleep. You can't sit up all night over your textbooks or look for answers for this year. Not getting enough sleep and being nervous is the worst thing.

What to do after the exams?

Monitor the results and celebrate graduation. When the official results are announced, prepare your documents for admission. If there are benefits or the right to additional points based on the results of the Olympiads, they need to be confirmed.

You can submit your Unified State Exam results to five universities at the same time. Each has three specialties. All information about specialties, documents, the number of budget places and passing scores is published on the websites of universities.

If you can’t enroll on a budget, think about where to get money to pay for your studies. It's better to take care of this before the exams, just in case. Find out at the institute how to transfer to the budget from the second year, if this is practiced. If you try, you can save a lot of money.

Experiment with faculties and universities. At one institute there is competition for 100 people per place, while at another there may be a shortage even for a similar specialty. The prestige of a university does not guarantee anything.

Invite the student to look for options for part-time work. You can transfer to part-time, work in shifts or remotely.