Exists only in the plural. Nouns that have only a singular form. What should you know about them? Definition of ch.r. in the motto

Lesson topic:

Nouns that have only a plural form.

Objective of the lesson: familiarity with nouns that have only a plural form;

Tasks: Remember lexical groups of words that have only a plural form; delimit homonymous forms plural;

learn to find them among other nouns;

use them correctly in speech

Subject: which nouns have only a plural form; how to distinguish them from nouns that have two number forms; learn to find them among other nouns and use them correctly.

Metasubject:

Cognitive UUD: ability to work with reference literature, formulation and solution of problems;

Regulatory: the ability to set goals, plan your work, conduct self-examination;

Communication skills: ability to work in a group, search and collect information, mastery of different forms of speech.

Personal: developing responsibility, respect, the ability to work in a group, the ability to evaluate the answers of your classmates.

Required equipment:

Computer with speakers.

Multimedia equipment.

Presentation for the lesson in PowerPoint.

Nouns are the main component of our speech. From the many possible words, we always choose those that are more suitable for us in style and color. The way a person constructs his speech can say a lot about his personality and mentality to his interlocutor. Therefore, it is very important to be able to express your thoughts competently and clearly. To do this, you need to know the basics of Russian grammar and be able to apply them in real life while communicating with people. In this article we will analyze such a category as the number of nouns.

A noun in Russian can be used in one of two forms possible forms- in singular or plural. Number is one of the main characteristics of a part of speech called a noun. But there are Russian nouns that can be used in speech only in the singular or only in the plural. Let's figure it out in order.

Singular nouns

With singular nouns, in general, everything is clear and understandable even without grammatical rules: they denote one thing or person, that is, any (for example, a pen, a book, a house, a cat). Such singular nouns have their own gender (feminine, masculine or neuter; sometimes common), and also, regardless of number, are declined according to cases.

Plural nouns

The same nouns can also be used in the plural (pens, books, houses, cats). These are nouns that denote several objects. Very often in the Russian language there are nouns that have only a plural form. You can read about them below.

Plural nouns that are often misspelled

About the most common mistakes in everyday speech in Russian, more than one full-fledged article could be written, but here we will focus our attention only on the incorrect use of nouns. For nouns, the plural and correct formation of forms are very often questioned.

You should definitely pay attention to the spelling of the following words in the genitive case: boots - boot, felt boots - felt boots, boots - boot, soldiers - soldier, places-places, apples - apples.

And errors in the use of these words in the genitive case can be heard very often in grocery stores: tangerines - tangerines, nectarines - nectarines, tomatoes - tomatoes, oranges - oranges. Nouns that have only a plural form differ somewhat from the data in terms of case declension.

Formation of plural forms: features

Sometimes some difficulties arise in forming the plural form for a certain category of nouns. In the Russian language there are no rules as such that determine what ending is required for the plural of nouns that we need to apply at a particular moment. Therefore, it can be quite difficult to use the word correctly. Let's pay attention to special cases relating to the plural of nouns. It’s better to just memorize them so as not to make mistakes and not doubt the correct use of words.

First of all, these are masculine nouns (s in the singular), with endings -ы, -и, most often denoting professions. For example, a trainer - trainers (not trainers!), a contract - contracts, an accountant - accountants, a lecturer - lecturers, cream - creams, and so on.

The next group is the same nouns as in the previous one, but with the endings -a, -ya: professor - professors, doctor - doctors, director - directors, anchor - anchors and so on.

Nouns, always used in the singular

In the Russian language there are many nouns that do not change in number and are always used exclusively in the form singular. Let's consider the groups into which the following nouns can be divided:

Denoting different feelings, characteristics of the state and human qualities (tenderness, anger, malice, hatred, lust, dependence, security, weakness, kindness);

Denoting characteristics of an object (grayness, blueness, redness, thinness, fullness, density);

Material (oil, gold, steel, tin, silver, nickel, sugar, sour cream, butter, pearls);

Denoting several identical objects in the aggregate (dishes, foliage, children, animals);

Denoting objects that exist in all of nature in a single copy (Sun, Earth, sky, Moon); This group also includes geographical names (Argentina, Stockholm, Moscow, Irtysh, Novosibirsk, Crimea, Ob).

Nouns that have only plural forms

The following nouns exist only in the plural in the Russian language:

Denoting various kinds of substances (blush, perfume, ink, yeast);

Indicating objects in a pair (jeans, rakes, rollers, trousers, leggings, trousers, leggings, glasses, sleds, sleds);

Denoting games or some processes (checkers, tag, hide and seek, blind man's buff, catch-up, elections);

Denoting natural phenomena or time periods (days, holidays, twilight, weekdays);

Which are geographical or astronomical names (Sochi, Alps, Kuriles, Libra).

So, let’s summarize: in the Russian language there are two forms of nouns - singular and plural. Most words have both forms, but there are also nouns that have only a plural form, and, of course, those that are used only in the singular.

Methodological development of a Russian language lesson in 5th grade

teacher of Russian language and literature

MBOU Novonazimovskaya secondary school No. 4

Rimashevskaya Svetlana Fedorovna.

UMK M.T. Baranov, T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, N.M. Shansky.

The presentation of new lesson material is based on an activity approach - the intrigue of the lesson is created, attracting attention to the topic is caused by using the “magic box” and the objects in it. In the process of resolving a problem situation, students themselves formulate the topic of the lesson and its goals.

The assimilation of new material in the lesson is carried out by performing training exercises in pairs and groups, which makes it possible to include “weak” students in the work.

Subject: Nouns that have only a plural form.

Goals:

Educational : give the concept of nouns that have only a plural form and their distinctive features from nouns that have two number forms; introduce the main groups of these nouns by meaning; learn to find them among other nouns; use them in speech, observing spelling norms.

Developmental : to develop the ability to set goals, independently analyze information, the ability to work in pairs and groups, expand students’ vocabulary by using only plural nouns in speech, and develop monologue speech.

Educational: cultivate interest in studying the subject.

Lesson type : combined.

Teaching methods : reproductive, partially search. verbal (conversation, explanation), practical ( independent work, exercises), visual (show), analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, heuristic,

Forms of organization of educational activities : frontal, individual, pair, group.

Equipment : textbook T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, presentation for the lesson in PowerPoint, didactic material(cards – tasks, table), pictures for physical exercises, “magic box” , items for the box (scissors, glasses, watches, tongs).

Lesson progress.

Org moment.

Psychological attitude to work. Greetings. (Appendix1)

Good afternoon, dear guys! Smile at each other and look at me, give your smiles to the guests.

Open your notebooks, write down the number, “cool work.”

II. Updating knowledge

Our lesson today will be held under the motto: “For the student - good luck, for the teacher - joy!”(The motto is written on the board).

How did you understand this motto?

Guys, clap your hands if you know what part of speech the first word in this phrase is. Stomp if you recognize the part of speech of the second word. Raise your right hand if you recognize the part of speech of the third word. Raise your left hand if you know what part of speech the last word in a sentence is. Well done! Write the part of speech above the words.

That's right, guys! For several days now in class we have been talking about the part of speech, the magic of which is that it names the essence of everything that surrounds us in the world. What can you tell us about the noun?

III. Goal setting and motivation. ( Creating motivation to learn. Get students interested in a new topic.)

Our lesson today is not simple, but unusual. I brought a magic box. It contains the following items: glasses, watches, scissors, tongs.

- What do you think these objects are? What do they have in common? Are you at a loss? Then look at1 slide presentations.

It shows plural nouns. You must form them into the singular form.

Singers – (singer) Crowns – (crown) Spikes –

Deer - (deer) horses - pony horse -

success - (success) nuts - nut Armor -

What happened for you? For which nouns were you unable to form the singular form? What are these nouns?

- So, what are we going to talk about in class today? What istopic of the lesson? (nouns that have only plural form.) Slide2 .

- What goals will we set for ourselves?State the purpose of the lesson, building on its theme. Use the reference phrases written on the board for this.

GET TO KNOW...;

LEARN TO FIND... AND USE CORRECTLY... .

(The purpose of the lesson: to get acquainted with nouns that have only a plural form; learn to find them among other nouns and use them correctly in speech.)Slide 3.

IV. Explanation of new material.

Introduction to the textbook material – p.204.

Work in pairs.Distributive dictation.

Read the words. What do they have in common? What thematic groups would you divide these words into? Find pairs of words by meaning. Fill out the table . Slide 6 , app2 . What do you call each group of words?

Items for movement; sports equipment	tools	Natural phenomena	Time periods	Products, substances	Geogr. named.	Events, holidays.
		frost	holidays
				pasta		christening

3 . Conversation.

- Guys, what can nouns that have only plural form mean?

- What do you think? grammatical features do such nouns have?

(Case. It is impossible to determine their gender and declension.)

- And what morpheme will tell us that this noun is only plural? numbers?

(Most nouns end in–Y (-AND)(this is typicallit. language). Some nouns havepercussionending–A (-I)(this is typicalcolloquialspeech).

- Guys, now let’s return to our box again. What kind of items are in it?(noun plural only)

- Let's try to define only plural nouns.

V. Primary assimilation, awareness and comprehension of new material.

Ex. 509, p.205

VI. Physical education minute.

Now let's relax and play. I will show you pictures with drawn objects. If the picture shows only a plural entity. numbers, you get up if singular. or have the form and singular and plural. h. - sit.

Watches, boots, scissors, stockings, milk, money, shoes, rakes, yeast, hammers.

VII. Consolidation.

Work in pairs. Exercise. Slide8. Appendix 3 . Write down the nouns in the following order:

Territory, sled, grove, vacation, chess, ticks, twilight, name, teacher, cream, gate, ink.

Only plural	Singular and plural
	territory
holidays,

VIII. Creative work in groups.Appendix 4.

(For the weak - a card).

Now, guys, please listen to the riddle. Guess what subject we are talking about? This is a plural noun. numbers. Slide 10.

This fabric was made in the 16th century in the city of Genoa, which the Italians called Genova. Trousers for sailors were made from this durable fabric. Then they began to be exported to California for shepherds and gold miners. Now they are worn by people of all ages. This… (jeans).

Who invented them and when is unknown. IN Ancient Greece polished rock crystals were used for them. Venice, the queen of mirrors and glassware, is still considered their homeland. In Rus' they began to be worn since the 15th century. This... (glasses)

In the night sky in the constellation Canis Major There is a star that can only be seen in summer. At this time it was difficult to work because of the heat and people were resting. This summer period was named after this star. Later, schoolchildren began to use this word to refer to autumn, winter, and spring holidays. This … (holidays).

Exercise. Now try in groups to make a similar riddle for each other about the item indicated on the card.

(Words are drawn by drawing lots from representatives of the groups). Hide and seek, scissors, sliders, scales, cleaning, perfume, pitchforks, swings, stretchers.

Card for “weak” students.

IX.Reflection.

Let's summarize our joint work and put it in the form of a diagram - a web. Let's start with the words "Today we...". Discuss and write down on the sheets of paper what we did today…. The following words will help you draw a conclusion about your activities. Appendix 5.

found out... (There is a group of words - nouns, which has only a plural form)

completed tasks ... (to find nouns only plural)

understood... (how to distinguish a plural entity from other entities)

learned... (find noun, plural)

Guys, there is an envelope on your desks. In it you will find 3 pictures. Choose the drawing that suits your mood and stick it on the board. Appendix No. 1.

X.Homework.

Find in orf. dictionary and write down 10 noun words that have only the plural form.

XI. Assessment.

- Everyone worked well. /I announce ratings and give comments /. You gave me warmth and joy. Our lesson is over. Thanks everyone! Goodbye!

Appendix 1.

Appendix 2

Exercise

Scissors, tongs, Alps, name days, holidays, cream, Sochi, skiing, chess, pasta, freezing, shorts, twilight, hide and seek, jeans, 24 hours, skates, christenings.

Exercise . Read the words. What do they have in common? What thematic groups would you divide these words into? Find pairs of words by meaning. Fill out the table. What do you call each group of words?

Scissors, tongs, Alps, name days, holidays, cream, Sochi, skiing, chess, pasta, freezing, shorts, twilight, hide and seek, jeans, 24 hours, skates, christenings.

Appendix 3

EXERCISE.

used only in the plural;

used in singular and plural.

ink.

Only plural	Singular and plural

EXERCISE..Write down the nouns in the following sequence:

used only in the plural;

used in singular and plural.

Territory, sled, grove, vacation, chess, ticks, twilight, name, teacher, cream, gate, ink.

Only plural	Singular and plural

Appendix 4

Card No. 1

Exercise :

Card No. 2