How does all-wheel drive work on a Tiguan? We are testing the front-wheel drive Volkswagen Tiguan with manual transmission. Driving Volkswagen Tiguan

An all-wheel drive vehicle has always been considered more powerful; just remember the SUVs of BMW, Mercedes and Toyota. But over time, all-wheel drive appeared on ordinary cars. Volkswagen cars are equipped with the 4Motion system.

What is 4Motion

Among such Volkswagen cars, it is worth remembering the Golf IV, V generations, Volkswagen Transporter minibuses and the Volkswagen Tiguan crossover. Now let's take a closer look at the 4Motion all-wheel drive system.

What is 4Motion all-wheel drive?

Let's look at the design principle of individual components and their purpose in the 4Motion system. The first on the list of work will be the front axle differential. Its purpose is to transmit torque to the driving front wheels from the gearbox. The body itself is connected to the transfer case.

Next on the list is the transfer case, which is itself a bevel gear. Thanks to it, torque is transmitted at an angle of 90°. The friction clutch and transfer case are connected to each other by a cardan transmission from the rear axle drive.

The cardan transmission consists of two shafts connected between joints of equal velocity angles. The shafts themselves are connected to the friction clutch and transfer case using elastic couplings. As you can see in the diagram above, the rear propeller shaft has an intermediate support.

The 4Motion system uses a fourth-generation clutch, most often found on the Volkswagen Tiguan crossover. Compared to the previous generation of couplings, it has a simpler design. Clutches of the first and second generation can be found on Volkswagen IV and V cars, as well as on the Volkswagen Transporter.

The Haldex clutch of the 4Motion system is controlled electronically; it also includes input sensors, an electronics control unit and the actuators themselves. The oil temperature sensor is used as an input sensor.

The task of the 4Motion all-wheel drive control unit, as in other vehicle systems, is to convert incoming information and transmit signals to actuators. In addition to the information received from the oil temperature sensor, the control unit pulls information from the vehicle's powertrain control unit and the ABS system.

As you can see, the 4Motion all-wheel drive system from Volkswagen is not quite complicated compared to other manufacturers. The Volkswagen manufacturer began to install more often on various models their vehicles, thereby increasing comfort, handling and reliability.

How the 4Motion system mechanism works

1. start of movement;
2. slipping when starting to move;
3. moving at a constant speed;
4. movement with frequent slipping;
5. sudden braking.

If the 4Motion algorithm is used, when the front wheels begin to slip at the start, the control valve will immediately close and the clutch friction discs will compress. In this case, the torque will be completely transmitted to the rear axle. Regarding the front wheels, one of the wheels will be connected or disconnected in the process using the electronic differential unit of the 4Motion system.

Taking the 4Motion operating situation as a basis, when the car is moving at a constant speed, the valve will open and the discs will compress depending on the driving conditions and road surface. Torque will be transmitted to the rear axle only at the most necessary moments, and basically the entire load will go to the front axle.

The last way 4Motion works is when the car is braking. In this case, the control valve will be open and the friction clutches will be completely released. Regardless of the situation, torque will not be transmitted to the rear axle during braking.

Video principle of operation of the Haldex coupling on the 4Motion system:

The Volkswagen Tiguan, assembled in the Russian Federation, is quite popular among car enthusiasts. Good quality, not great high price, comfort and convenience are arguments in favor of purchasing this car. Another argument: the presence of all-wheel drive. In many cases, because the car is equipped with an all-wheel drive system, people buy it. The drive will be discussed in this article.

How does all-wheel drive work on a Tiguan?

4Motion

The system consists of the following elements:

• front axle differential;
• handout;
• rear drive driveshaft;
• coupling;
• final drive;
• rear axle differential.

What makes work possible?

The friction clutch built into the differential housing of the rear axle is a disc clutch. This structure is necessary in order to change the amount of torque transmission. This value depends on how closed the clutch is.

Volkswagen Tiguan cars are equipped with a Haldex coupling, which belongs to the fourth generation of couplings.

It is designed in this way: it is based on two types of disks. The first of them are friction ones, having internal gearing and a hub. The second ones are steel, having external gearing and a drum. The discs are compressed by pistons.

In addition to the discs, the clutch structure includes electronic control elements:

• input sensors;
• control unit;
• actuators.

The actuator is a valve that regulates the compression ratio of the discs.

Clutch operating modes

• When starting to move.
• When starting to move with slipping.
• When moving at a constant speed.
• When driving with slippage.
• When braking.

Thus, the system itself determines, based on information received from electronic devices, when and how much the clutch discs need to be clamped.

All wheel drive does not work on Tiguan

For example, if the oil temperature sensor fails, the rear axle will not be connected correctly. The same can happen if incorrect information is received from the engine and ABS blocks.

A common cause of problems with four-wheel drive is wear on the driveshaft outboard bearing. Problems with the booster pump are also recorded.

Unfortunately for the owners of this car, repairs are quite expensive. And we need to prepare for this.

In general, you probably need to look for the reason why the all-wheel drive is not working not on the Internet, but in a car service center. Only the characteristic sores of the car drive are described here, but in each specific case the cause of the malfunction may be different.

Tiguan - four-wheel drive or plug-in

As for what kind of drive the Tiguan has, opinions differ. Based on the design of the drive system and the principle of its operation, we can say with confidence that the machine has a full plug-in drive, since the clutch discs are not always clamped. This point of view is confirmed by official documents, which say that the drive is automatically connected.


The second point of view: the Tiguan has all-wheel drive. Proponents of this point of view argue for their belief that a certain percentage of torque is constantly transmitted to the rear axle. Let this percentage be small. But he is.

It seems that the constant transmission of 5-10 percent of torque to the rear wheels cannot indicate that the car has permanent all-wheel drive. However, this type of drive means something else.

For example, if we consider the domestic SUV Niva, then significant energy is transmitted to absolutely all axles and all wheels. The car is stable on all four tires. Everything is different here.

The Volkswagen Tiguan is a compact car with high ground clearance. This car is needed for those who appreciate German quality and for those who want to forget that they are driving a crossover. What do you need to know before you buy a Volkswagen Tiguan? Don't worry, we will tell you everything you want to know about this car as part of the new section "".

Volkswagen is believed to be selling the Tiguan as a top-of-the-range version of the VW Golf GTI. But, despite some obvious similarities in equipment (including the presence of a 2.0 liter four-cylinder turbocharged engine, which is installed on the charged Golf GTI), this is not the case. In terms of positioning, these are two completely different cars, although the Tiguan is based on the Golf platform.

For example, those who buy a Volkswagen Golf GTI are most often young people who want a drive on weekends after hard working days at universities, institutes, etc.

If you don't want a low compact Golf, don't want to buy a Ford or any other non-German car, and can't afford a Lexus, then you should consider the Tiguan crossover.

Another comparison example between the Volkswagen Tiguan and the Golf GTI. We all know that the GTI is one of the best in its class. Tiguan no. Yes, undoubtedly, this crossover is a high-quality and comfortable car with all-wheel drive, but it is not as fast, it is more expensive, and it is not as efficient as the legendary VW Golf GTI.

People buy crossovers and SUVs, just like compact A and B class cars, guided by the same wishes, preferences, etc.

Those who want to buy a crossover think about reliability, safety and fuel economy. Most compact car buyers are thinking the same thing. Unfortunately, .

For example, the Track&Field version, which is equipped with a 2.0 TSI 125 engine with 170 hp. and a 6-speed automatic transmission, the 4Motion automatic consumes 13.5 liters per 100 km in the city, 7.7 l/100 km on the highway, and 9.9 l/100 km in the combined cycle.

Agree, such values ​​for a compact crossover, which is based on the VW Golf and has a 2.0 liter power unit, are too unmodern. Taking into account modern standards of efficiency, if you buy this car, you will pay significantly more at each gas station compared to the owners of competing crossovers. Even the 1.4 liter 122-horsepower version of the Tiguan does not have amazing fuel consumption (city 8.3, highway 5.5, combined cycle 6.5).

Therefore, some Tiguan owners often joke that there is a carburetor under the hood of their car.

What's new in the 2015 Volkswagen Tiguan?

The Tiguan crossover has been in production since 2007. In 2011, the car received a restyling. In 2014, the German brand added a sports line of crossovers "R-Line". , releasing the second generation Tiguan. The debut of the car is scheduled for September 15, 2015.

From the very beginning, the car was produced with both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive. The car is equipped with 1.4 TSI petrol engines with a power of 122 and 150 hp. , turbocharged 2.0 TSI with 170 and 200 hp. and a 2.0 TDI diesel engine with 140 hp. Power units are paired with a 6-speed manual transmission or 6-speed automatic transmission.

It is worth noting that the new Tiguan R-Line series, which was introduced in 2014, is equipped with an automatic seven-speed dual-clutch transmission 7-DSG 4Motion.

It is noteworthy that from 2015, Volkswagen intends to equip the new Tiguan model (for some car markets, the German brand will continue to supply crossovers with a six-speed manual transmission).

Equipment and configurations

Tiguan is presented on the Russian market in 13 different trim levels. All configurations are divided into subcategories of modifications depending on equipment. So in our country the following equipment options are available: Trend&Fun, CLUB, Track&Field, Sport&Style, Track&Style and R-line.

Unfortunately, describe huge amount versions and configuration options within one article is not possible. Therefore, we offer you a description of several of the most popular versions of the crossover.

Trend&Fun: The basic configuration of the crossover is available for the following car modifications:

• 1.4TSI 90 kW (122 hp) 6-MT Front-wheel drive

• 1.4TSI 110 kW (150 hp) 6-DSG Front-wheel drive

• 1.4TSI 110 kW (150 hp) 6-MT 4Motion

• 2.0TSI 125 kW (170 hp) 6-AT 4Motion.

Starting price from RUB 1,119,000 +. For this money you can buy a 1.4 liter petrol version with 122 hp. with a 6-speed manual transmission that transmits torque only to front-wheel drive.

The machine comes with the following equipment as standard equipment:

- Brake energy recovery

- Body paint is not metallic

- Steel 16" wheels

- Roof rails

- Upholstery - fabric

- Halogen headlights

- Headlight washers

- Fog lights

- Auto Start Stop function

- Electric drives for front windows, rear windows and side mirrors

- Heated side mirrors

- Heated front seats

- Heated windshield washer nozzles

- Dual-zone climate control

- Athermal glazing

- Radio RCD 310

- On-board computer

- Central lock with remote control

- Immobilizer

- Spare wheel - small size

As additional equipment crossover, you can purchase two packages of options:

Package No. 1 (Technic)

- Signaling

Leather steering wheel and gear knob

Front armrest

The cost of the package is: 15,910 rubles

Package No. 2 (Comfort)

Automatic headlight leveling

Switching off the front lighting with a delay ("Walk me home" function)

Electric folding mirrors

Rain sensor

Automatically dimming interior rearview mirror

Rear parking sensors

Upholstery

Leather steering wheel and gear knob

Pandu fabric

The cost of an additional package of options for the basic Tiguan package is: 38,800 rubles.

In this configuration, you can also buy a crossover with a 1.4 liter TSI engine with 150 hp. and a robotic 6-speed DSG gearbox. The cost of the car is from 1,253,000 rubles.

True, for this money the car will only be front-wheel drive. Including, for 1,293,000 rubles you will have access to the 1.4TSI all-wheel drive version with 150 hp. with a 6-speed manual transmission. If you want something more powerful, then in the Trend&Fun package you can buy a 2.0 liter turbocharged version with 170 hp. with a 6-speed automatic transmission that transmits torque to all four wheels. Cost from 1,399,000 rubles.

Track&Field: The next configuration after the basic one costs from RUB 1,179,000+. In this version, the Tiguan is only available with 2.0 liter turbocharged engines producing 140 hp. and 170 hp respectively, and only with a 6-speed automatic transmission.

In addition to the standard equipment, the Track&Field package comes with the following equipment:

- Driver airbag

- Passenger airbag with deactivation function

- Curtain airbags

- Front side airbags

- Seat belt pretensioners

- ISOFIX child seat mounting

- Active safety and suspension

- Anti-lock braking system (ABS)

- Brake force distribution (EBD) system

- Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)

- Stability Program (ESP)

- Anti-slip system (ASR)

- Electronic differential lock

- Hill Start Assist (HHC)

- Hill Descent Control (HDC)

- Non-metallic body paint

- Alloy 16" wheels

- Side mirrors with turn signal repeaters

- Roof rails

- Upholstery - fabric

- Halogen headlights

- Headlight washers

- Fog lights

- Adjustable steering column angle

- Steering column reach adjustment

- Lumbar support in the front seats

- Manual height adjustment of the front seats

- Rear parking sensors

- Electric drives of front windows, rear windows and side mirrors

- Heated side mirrors, front seats and windshield washer nozzles

- Dual-zone climate control

- Cooled glove box

- Athermal glazing

- Radio RCD 310

- Radio navigation system RNS 510

- On-board computer

- Central locking with remote control

- Immobilizer

As additional equipment, you can also purchase option packages: "Technic", "Comfort", "Premium" and "Technic-2" .

Technic package

Signaling

Cruise control

Leather steering wheel and gear knob

Front armrest

Multifunction steering wheel

Jack for connecting an external audio device

Price: 20,350 rubles

Comfort package

Switching off the front lighting with a delay ("Walk me home" function)

Electric folding mirrors

Rain and light sensors

Automatically dimming interior rearview mirror

Leather steering wheel and gear knob

Multifunction steering wheel

Price: 20,190 rubles

Premium package

Radio navigation system RNS 510

Rear view camera

Price: RUB 65,360

Technic-2 package

Tire pressure monitoring system

Bi-xenon headlights

Headlight washers

Adaptive road lighting system

Comfortable keyless access

Cost of additional equipment package: 52,710 rubles.

Which version of Volkswagen Tiguan to buy

Of course, first of all, it all depends on your wallet size and personal preferences. First, before purchasing, decide whether the power of the car is important to you and whether you need all-wheel drive, which will not help you even on light off-road conditions. If the main thing for you is fuel consumption, then feel free to buy the 122-horsepower version in the basic configuration, which will delight you with its acceptable efficiency. But you shouldn’t expect anything amazing from this modification.

If power is important to you, but you don’t have the funds to buy the R-Line modification, then buy the 170-horsepower version of the crossover with a 2.0-liter turbo engine. But keep in mind that, despite not very much power, be prepared to spend a lot of money on gasoline.

Important facts and specifications of the 2015 Volkswagen Tiguan

Price: from RUB 1,119,000 - RUB 1,841,000.

Curb weight: 1,501-1,679 kg (depending on version)

Tank volume: 64 liters

Fuel consumption:

- 8.3l city / 5.5 highway / 6.5 mixed;

- 8.9l city / 6.9 highway / 7.1 mixed;

- 13.5l city / 7.7 highway / 9.9 mixed;

- 13.5l city / 7.7 highway / 9.9 mixed;

- 9.2l city / 5.9 highway / 7.1 mixed;

- 11.2l city / 6.7 highway / 8.4 mixed;

Transmission: 6-speed manual, 6-speed automatic and DSG dual clutch

Drive: Front (2WD) - FWD and All Wheel (4WD) - AWD

Less than four years have passed since the smallest crossover of the Volkswagen brand was updated. And this is not just a restyling, but a completely new model in the same base. Only some engines have not changed. And, of course, the name is short and intriguing

Perhaps no other car has such a number of options and systems, most of which are responsible for safety, per centner of vehicle weight. There are now seven engines, and only two different sizes. Three gearboxes, two drive types, several performance levels...

Mini Touareg

From a distance, the new product can be mistaken for its older brother named Touareg. It turns out that this was what was intended - to make the appearance of the company's SUVs recognizable and different from ordinary cars. The new “muzzle” gave the Tiguan solidity. Now it can be recognized even from a great distance - by its U-shaped daytime running lights. At the rear, Touareg features are also visible.

Oddly enough, the new Tiguan has not become larger than before. Contrary to the completely widespread phenomenon of a gradual increase in class from model to model, the new Tiguan turned out to be even slightly smaller than the old one - the front-wheel drive version is 17 mm shorter, and the all-wheel drive version, due to the less inflated front bumper, is as much as 171 mm shorter! The base remained the same - 2604 mm. The width and height have also remained unchanged.

You can distinguish the front-wheel drive version from the 4x4 without even bending down: the “under-drive” version has a thicker front bumper, due to which the approach angle is only 18° versus 28° for a full-fledged crossover. The remaining parameters of geometric cross-country ability - departure angle (25°), ramp angle (20°) and ground clearance (200 mm) - are the same for them and do not depend on the type of drive.

The car amazes with a surprisingly large number of equipment and various systems, many of which are installed in the basic version. The newcomer will be available in four standard trim levels - Trend & Fun, Track & Field, Sport & Style, Track & Style. But even in the simplest (Trend & Fun or Track & Field) Tiguan already has ESP, six airbags, climate control, electromechanical power steering, electric windows, multifunction display, height-adjustable front seats and alloy wheels. In addition, you can order additional driving dynamics control systems such as adaptive suspension DCC, automatic high beam Light Assist or Dynamic Light Assist, Lane Assist, driver fatigue detection function, Park Assist or Park Pilot, rear view camera, electronic locking XDS differential. I can’t even believe that all this can fit (figuratively, of course) into one, generally speaking, small car.

New songs about the main thing

If 70 years ago the Germans sang that for them Germany is above all (Deutschland, Deutschland uber alles!), now, using the example of the new Tiguan, they sang a completely different song: Die Sicherheit ber alles! - safety comes first! Therefore, in addition to six basic airbags, the new Tiguan can be equipped with two more - rear side airbags. All seats, except the rear center seat, are equipped with seat belt force limiters - in the event of an accident, they reduce the load on the chest area. The optional package includes seat belt tensioners in the outer rear seats as well. The systems are interconnected: for example, the airbag activation system exchanges information with all main control units. Thanks to this, when Road accident emergency the alarm turns on without driver intervention, the door locks are unlocked and the fuel pump is turned off.

Couldn't be more universal

Although the body type of the new Tiguan remains the same - technically it is a five-door hatchback - in essence it has become more versatile. The back of the rear seat of the car not only folds in a ratio of 3:2, but the seat itself can be moved longitudinally by 16 cm. In addition, the backrest can be adjusted in tilt - within 23°, and separately for the right and left passengers. But that's not all. In the …& Style trim levels, the back of the front passenger seat can be completely folded forward, which makes it possible to transport objects up to 2.5 m long inside the cabin. The central part of the rear seat easily turns into a table, armrest or opening for transporting long items.

There is a drawer under each front seat, and the seats themselves have lumbar support adjustment (Trend & Fun and Track & Field) or they are simply sporty (…& Style).

The luggage compartment floor is perfectly flat. Even with a full passenger load, the trunk can hold 470 liters. The maximum volume when folded rear seats is 1510 l, and the load capacity is 670 kg. In addition, the new Tiguan is a reliable travel companion: its towbar can handle loads of up to 2.5 tons!

City hatchback or light SUV? Both, say the folk swagenovites. Available with two types of drive, the Tiguan combines both classes, regardless of the type of drive. The only difference is that all-wheel drive will be noticeably more passable.

What's under your hood?

The new Tiguan offers as many as seven engines. All are inline-four and turbocharged. Four of them are petrol and three are diesel. Among the gasoline ones, three are completely new. All gasoline engines are TSI series. The weakest of them, with a volume of 1.4 liters, produces 122 hp. It is familiar to us from the old version of Tiguan. The next one, with the same volume, is capable of delivering 160 hp. It, like the next two, was not previously in the VW range. This engine uses Volkswagen's patented Twincharger technology (with turbocharging and compressor). The next two engines are two-liter: one produces 180, the other 210 hp. Thanks to turbocharging, their torque level is as smooth as possible in almost the entire running speed range - from 1800 to 5000. These engines will go on sale a little later.

Three diesel engines have the same volume - 2.0 liters. The base one develops 110 hp. The output of the next one is 140 hp. The most powerful one is ready to boast a figure of 170 hp.

Some may be equipped with a start-stop system. Its essence is that during even short stops the engine stalls (on the multifunction display, so that the driver does not get lost and understand the reason for turning off the engine, the Start (A) Stop message appears), and then, as soon as the driver presses the clutch (on manual) or releases the brake pedal (on automatic), starts again. Moreover, this happens so softly, smoothly and imperceptibly that you gradually forget about this system and take it for granted. The version of this Tiguan is called BlueMotion Technology (BMT).

In Europe, the basic gearbox for all engines is a six-speed manual. As an option for two-liter engines, you can choose a new seven-speed DSG automatic transmission (robotic, with two clutches). However, it is not yet possible to buy it in Russia: instead, we will be supplied with the old proven hydromechanical six-speed automatic transmission of the classic type.

Off-road arsenal

The legend given to us included a section of light off-road terrain. It began only in Austria, after the asphalt path leaving the resort town of Elmau was replaced by gravel. It led to the top of the Hartkaiserbahn mountain, 1520 m high, where the ski lifts, idle in the summer, ended. The road went through a spruce forest and twisted heavily. The climbs were such that the driver could not see the ground - only the sky. The wet gravel from the recent rain often forced the front wheels to slip, but the rear wheels immediately came to their aid. The Tiguan's 4MOTION all-wheel drive transmission is designed in such a way that during normal driving, only 10% of the torque is transmitted to the rear axle. As soon as road conditions change, the electro-hydraulic all-wheel drive clutch integrated into the rear axle gearbox is engaged. The electric pump pumps oil into the receiver and always maintains an operating pressure of 30 bar.

Optionally, the new Tiguan is equipped electronic system XDS differential lock. It extends the electronic locking functions already integrated into the ESP system. When cornering at high speed, XDS improves handling and changes the car's steering towards neutral, preventing possible slipping of the unloaded wheel located closer to the center of the turn by actively braking. This improves wheel grip on the surface.

On the way to Munich on the German autobahn we managed to try out another new system for the Tiguan. Its essence is that when changing lanes without turning on the turn signal, it prevents the driver from doing this, noticeably making the steering wheel heavier. It doesn’t matter to her whether the markings on the road are intermittent or continuous. As soon as the turn signal turns on, the steering becomes light again. Tested: it works!

Some statistics

In four years, 600 thousand first-generation Tiguan crossovers were sold worldwide. It was liked not only in Russia and Europe, but also in the USA, China, Brazil and Australia. In Germany, it has firmly captured 21% of the compact crossover market, and in Europe - 12%. In Russia, only those Tiguans that are assembled at the plant in Kaluga will be sold.

Verdict

Thrust-to-weight ratio
Large quantity engines will satisfy the needs of any picky person. The power of even the weakest of them is quite enough to confidently force both the urban jungle and rough terrain. And for those who like to drive, there is a 200-horsepower gasoline and a 170-horsepower turbodiesel. However, diesel engines in Russia are not equipped with mechanics.

Comfort
In fact, comfort is at the level of a good passenger car - without any hint of SUVs with their stiff suspension and jumping ability. It does not cause motion sickness, and passengers do not get very tired on a long journey.

Behavior on the road
Here the Tiguan is in its element. Fully spring suspension, tuned specifically for good roads, has led to the fact that, while in the car, you sometimes forget that you are driving on a not quite passenger car. He is completely obedient to the steering wheel and gas.

Off-road behavior
When driving off the asphalt even in an all-wheel drive Tiguan, one must not forget that this is still not an LR Defender or even its namesake Touareg. Yes, he can do some things there, but not everything. He can only knead the dirt that was brought onto the asphalt by trucks from a neighboring construction site, and he likes shallow snow.

In the end
A serious crossover from a prestigious family with above-average driving qualities that significantly raise it above its competitors, even despite its considerable price.

Competitors

Ford Kuga
The car has clearly sporting ambitions. Therefore, on rough terrain it is a very weak competitor to the Tiguan. The choice of engines is too poor - one petrol and one diesel. The cost of Kuga is slightly higher, and besides, it is no longer young. Price in Russia – from 1,147,000 rubles.

Nissan Qashqai
Old player on Russian market crossovers are unlikely to be forgotten after the appearance of the new Tiguan in the showrooms of VW dealers. The engine is only 2.0 liter petrol. The main attraction for many is the cost - it is perhaps the lowest for a 4x4 vehicle from a well-known company. Price in Russia – from 980,000 rubles.

SsangYong New Actyon
The classic SUV has turned into a crossover. Under the hood there is only a two-liter diesel engine (albeit with two different powers). Considering that the car is assembled in Russia, the cost is so high that even its older brother and real SUV, the Kyron, turned out to be cheaper! Price in Russia – from 879,000 rubles.

Volkswagen tiguan. What is the actual drive here?

1. I have a Yeti - exactly the same. only petrol engine.

   The drive is always on the front, the cardan is rigidly connected from the front end, the rear axle is connected through the Haldex 4 clutch. This is essentially a multi-plate clutch, controlled electronically. It can turn on gently, transmitting as much power as needed, the response time is only 8ms.

   Normally, 5-10% is transferred to the rear (preload, so as not to turn it on abruptly if necessary), if the electronics understand. that the backside is needed, it supplies more of it, with full connection it turns out 50:50.
   the rear engages when starting off, during acceleration, when the front end slips (and instantly, the wheel turns only 15 degrees), when cornering.
   Since the connection is fast and smooth, you don’t notice it. shutdown not at 60, but at the moment when the danger of slipping disappears. That is, they stomped on the floor - all-wheel drive, lifted the gas to drive at a constant speed - only front-wheel drive.

   When leaving an ice hole, the driver does not notice that anything has been connected - the car simply drives out, from the outside you can see that only the front wheel jerked and the rear wheel began to spin.

   For the highway and fine dirt - great, in uncleaned yards - like on asphalt.
   But this scheme is not suitable for serious off-road conditions, 10 minutes of continuous driving with axlebox - and the clutch may overheat (no problem, it will turn off and warn you).

   but on asphalt it behaves perfectly, and on slippery roads too, there is no “switching”, the behavior is calm, it is not an easy drift.
   and consumption is the same as a front-wheel drive one.

   I enjoy it myself :) I also have a DSG...

2. Electronic couplings are now everywhere, everything is controlled by electronics.
3. The 4Motion all-wheel drive system refers to the so-called. all-wheel drive systems connected automatically. In this system, engine torque is distributed among the axles depending on the driving situation. The 4Motion system has been installed on Volkswagen vehicles since 1998.
   The operation of the 4Motion system is determined by the operation algorithm of the Haldex coupling, in which the following characteristic modes can be distinguished: start of movement; start of movement with slipping; movement at constant speed; movement with slippage; braking.
   When starting and accelerating the vehicle, the control valve is closed and the clutch discs are compressed as much as possible. Maximum torque is transmitted to the rear wheels. If movement begins with both front wheels slipping, the control valve closes and the clutch friction discs are compressed. The torque is completely transmitted to the rear axle. When one of the front wheels slips, the system first engages the electronic differential lock. When driving at a constant speed, the valve opens and the discs compress depending on driving conditions. Torque is transmitted to the rear axle within certain (insignificant) limits. Slipping while the vehicle is moving is determined based on signals from the ABS system control unit. In this case, the valve opens depending on the driving conditions (which axle and which wheels are slipping). When braking, the control valve is open, the clutch friction discs are completely released. No torque is transmitted to the rear axle.