Fire is our friend but he is the enemy. Class hour “Fire is our friend, Fire is our enemy! A brief history of the firefight and the consequences of fires

classes on the theme: “Fire is our friend, fire is our enemy”

Objectives: Imagine  properties of fire for children; Introduce the diverse uses of fire to humans;Equipment : water containers, candle, matches, illustrations to familiarize children with fire safety rules, balloon.

Class progress :

Educator: We have a box on the table. What is in it. Let's open it. (There is a matchbox in the box). The teacher reads a poem: Before us is a box, He looks like a tower, An evil wizard lives in it, Dissatisfied hiding his eyes, Naughty guys are waiting. As he begins to ask them: “Can I be friends with you?” I am a cheerful little light, I became cramped with boxes! Is it hard to take a match - Let me go for a walk? I’ll run and be naughty, I can amuse everyone! ”A very tricky little light! And the guys are not familiar, That friendship with this is impossible, Matches are hiding for good reason! Educator: What a fire. True, the fire is bright red or orange, it is very hot. Children's answers: fire gave a person warmth, light, protected from wild animals. Educator: Fire without smoke does not live. Try to guess a riddle. A red bull lies on the ground, A blue bull reaches for the sky. Children: A red bull is fire, and blue is smoke.

Educator: Look carefully at this poster. (Image of a house fire.) What is shown here? Answers children. Educator: Children, tell me, what caused the fire? Children give different answers: (from careless handling of matches, from improper use of electrical appliances and heating stoves, inattention, negligence in handling burning objects and flammable materials).

Educator: How does the fire happen? What is he for us for, does he benefit us? Children: Children answers.

Educator: That's right, fire is our friend: factories are needed for smelting metal, factories for working machine tools, schools, kindergartens for lighting and cooking.

And what harm does fire bring? Children: things, apartment, house, forest can burn; fires come from games with matches, lighters, from left on electrical appliances, on gas stoves. The teacher organizes the game if a fire occurs. Children stand in a circle. The teacher has a red balloon in his hands. The player must quickly guess the puzzle and pass the ball to another. Hisses and gets angry, Afraid of water With tongue and not barking, Without teeth and biting? (Fire) Red cat Tree nibbles, Tree nibbles,

He lives happily. And he will drink water, hiss, die. You do not touch him with his hand. This red cat ... (fire) Scarlet rooster In the water went out. (Fire) Funny little rascal, Orange boy, Only the evening comes, The concert in the furnace gives. The little boy ran up, The woods rattle loudly. Orange locks So I want to stroke ... Do not touch the prankster He is called ... (fire) Gray cloth Stretches out the window, Curls, curls, Rushes into the sky. (Smoke) Father is hot and red, Sometimes he is dangerous. And the son will be called a bird, He will not return to his father. (Fire and smoke) It can melt, but not ice. Not a flashlight, but light gives. (Candle) In a wooden house Dwarves live. Oh, such kind people Distribute lights to everyone. (Matches) This is a cramped house: A hundred little sisters cuddle in it. And any of the sisters

Could erupt like a bonfire! It is bright, beautiful, and attracts attention. Do you think you can touch it? (No)

Explain why? You can get burned. If you accidentally drop a candle on a carpet or floor, a fire may occur. Yes, indeed, the fire element is bright, attractive, but at the same time very dangerous. If fire becomes dangerous, how can a person deal with it? (It needs to be put out) What is the fire afraid of? (Water, snow, sand, earth).

And let's check the validity of your statements. We have in the container the material that is used to extinguish the fire. Do you recognize him? (Yes).

Let's make an experiment: pour some water on a burning candle. (The child follows the instructions of the caregiver).

What is happening and why? (The fire went out because it is afraid of water). Educator: Tell me guys: and when we ourselves cannot put out the fire, what should we do?

Answers children. Educator: Right, we call the fire brigade.

Educator: Let's repeat everything we learned about fire.

(For older preschool children)

Education Integration: “Security”, “Cognition”, “Communication”, “Socialization”, “Reading of fiction”.

  Objectives:

♦ To expand knowledge about the consequences of careless handling of fire, household appliances, and fire in nature.

♦ Develop children's skills in case of fire.

♦ Continue to teach children to improve dialogue speech, actively participating in the conversation, to answer the questions posed.

♦ Develop respect for the profession of firefighter.

  Material:

♦ Didactic game: “Put it in order” (or illustrations with actions in case of fire and fire destruction).

♦ Multimedia presentation Preliminary work:

♦ Reading the works of S. Mikhalkov “Uncle Styopa”, S. Marshak “Fire”, “The Story of an Unknown Hero”, “Cat's House”, D. Voronin “Fire”, Z. Shefner “Forest Fire”.

♦ Puzzles.

♦ Conversations: “What do I know about fire”, “Firefighter is a hero, he enters battle with fire”, “What is the danger of smoke”, “Baby pranks with fire”.

♦ Memorizing poems about fire and fire.

♦ Children coloring fire coloring books.

♦ Organization of the exhibition "Fire Safety Rules"

  Class progress.

Educator : Hello dear guys! Please guess my riddles:

He is a friend of the guys, hissing and angry

But when they play around with him, he’s afraid of Water.

He becomes an enemy With his tongue, not barking,

And burns everything around Without teeth, but bites.

Educator:   Well, guess who this is? Right guys - this is fire!

In human life, fire plays a very important role. Our ancient ancestors knew a lot of tricks and secrets of making fire. People from ancient times cherished it in their hearth because fire is life. He is everywhere in homes and factories, in fields and farms.

  Educator:   Guys, where can I use fire?

Children answers: (Fire drives steamboats, planes, rocket and spacecraft engines. Man learned to cook food on fire. Without life our life is unthinkable, it warms us in the cold, etc.)

  Educator:   Fire is our friend, if we treat him wisely and carefully. However, fire was always fraught with danger. Therefore, when we behave badly, nor obey our parents, when we are not careful with fire, he turns into the worst enemy.

Who is not careful with fire

That fire is possible

Kids, remember that

What can not be joked with fire!

Educator:   Thousands of big cities and villages disappeared into the flames. Fire destroyed millions of lives, sparing no one and nothing. In their tragic consequences, fires were not inferior to terrible natural disasters. No wonder people say: “Fire is a good servant, but a bad master.”

Listen carefully to the poem about the fire that the guys have prepared for you:

Everyone knows: a man without fire does not live a single day

In the fire, as in the sun, it is light, in the fire and in the winter warm,

Look guys around: we fire everyday friend

But when we are careless with fire, it becomes our enemy

Fire is a friend of man, only do not touch him in vain

If you indulge, then troubles can not be avoided - from the fire you can’t do it.

Know, in anger he is angry - he will not spare anything.

A kindergarten, a bread field, your house can destroy it, and everything is around the house!

And soaring up to heaven will spread to the forest

Even people sometimes die in a fire

Always remember that !!!

Educator : Guys, how can a fire occur?

Children Answers:  (This is an unattended electric iron or stove, matches in the hands of a child, an unfinished corner of a fire, etc.)

Educator: Guys! You need to know that fire is not a toy and not fun. He is very dangerous in the hands of an inept and careless person. Therefore, children, do not be naughty and do not play with fire. This can cause a big fire.

Friends! You will ask me,

How to protect yourself from fire? -

And so: parents said "NO"

Do not break their prohibition

Otherwise rides like a horse

Raging fire

Beware of friends,

There is no way to joke with fire !!!

Don’t joke with fire - you can burn!

Be careful with fire!

Educator:   So, guys, so that none of you will ever have a fire disaster, let's remember the fire safety rules. These rules are very important. These rules apply to everyone!

So that trouble doesn’t come to your house,

Be careful with fire always.

Do not touch matches, in matches - fire!

So that you don’t become your enemy

Be careful with the iron!

Do not dry laundry over gas

Everything burns out at once.

When the stove is left unattended -

A whole house can burn one corner.

Near the house and the barn

Do not dare to make a fire

May be a big trouble

For buildings and people.

Do not get your fingers in the socket,

Can burn fingers with electric current.

I saw the smoke, do not yawn!

Call the firemen soon!

Fire has its habits

He does not like to play locks

At home, on the street, night and day

Be careful with fire !!!

And now the guys are all together together:

Let every citizen remember Fire number "01"

Educator : And now we will play: I begin the poetic line, and you must finish it.

Where people are careless with fire

There will be a balloon in the sky

There will always threaten us with an evil ... fire.

One two three four.

Who has a fire in ... an apartment.

Suddenly the smoke rose.

Who did not turn off ... the iron.

The red gleam ran.

Who with matches ... played.

If younger sisters

Light the matches at home

What should you do?

Immediately matches those.

The table and cupboard burned out at once.

Who dried clothes over ... gas?

Dropped the coals on the floor

The wood floor is lit

Do not look, do not wait, do not stand,

And his carcasses ... with water

Who threw into the fire at the same time

Strange ... items?

Flames leaped into the foliage.

Who at the house burned ... grass?

Who is not careful with fire

That fire is possible

Kids, remember that

What can not be joked with ... fire!

Remember every citizen

This number ... 01!

I saw the smoke - do not yawn,

And firefighters ... call

  Educator:   And now you have to think and answer correctly what needs to be done in this situation and choose the right picture.

Situations: Answers:

There was a fire. / Call Zero One /

There is a lot of smoke in the room. / Make your way crawling to the exit /

Your clothes are on. / Fall to the floor and ride /

Smoked TV. / Turn it off, cover with a blanket /

The old grass is burning. / Throw it in the ground, fill it with water /

I smelled gas. / Open the window, call "zero four" /

It is difficult to breathe from pungent smoke. / Breathe through a wet rag /

Educator:   This game is called "Listen carefully"  and you should answer my questions in chorus: “It's me, it's me, it's all my friends!”

Who, having heard the backs of burning,

Reporting a fire?

How many of you notice smoke

Shout: “Fire!” We burn! "

Which of you is naughty with fire

Morning, evening and afternoon?

Who, sensing gas in the apartment,

Will call on "zero four"?

Who is from the little sister

Hide matches unnoticed?

How many of you are naughty with fire?

Confess honestly!

Who does not make bonfires

And doesn’t trust others?

Educator:   Now let's play a game "Put it in order":

(Children should arrange the cards in order of action in case of fire and tell about the actions depicted on them.)

Pictures with image:

Message on the telephone "01" about the fire;

Evacuation of people;

Extinguishing a fire by adults before the arrival of firefighters, if this is not dangerous;

Firefighters meeting;

The work of firefighters.

Educator:  The fire always comes up unexpectedly, guys, and who comes to our aid? (Firefighters)

  Educator:  And what qualities should firefighters have? Children's answers: (Strong, courageous, courageous, love their work, etc.)

  Educator : Really guys, very brave, brave people are sent to fight fires. Rushing into the fire to save people, they often forget about their own lives. Remember guys

“Fire is our friend.

But watch out!

Kidding with fire -

Trouble is possible. ”

In order to prevent disaster, so that there are as few fires on our land as possible, it is necessary to know and abide by the fire safety rules about which the guys will now tell us.

Children recite poems by heart and expressively:

All children need to know:

It is dangerous to play with matches.

Still guys should know:

It is dangerous to make bonfires.

Firecrackers are also an evil thing,

They'll hurt your hand easily.

You can’t play with the iron -

Iron is also evil.

All games for children with fire

The trouble ends then

Baby, don't mess with a match

And teach these rules:

Do not light the stove without the elders

Fire and gas are dangerous! Know!

Do not happen so that trouble

You can’t turn on the iron.

And candles are not a toy, children,

All babies should know this.

And a lighter is not a toy

Both the tablecloth and the pillow will burn.

Do not burn leaves!

Smoke and heat

After all, they turn into a fire.

Fire is a disaster.

Fire is not a joke.

The reason is pranks a minute.

The fire of the innocent offends

And it hurts a lot.

Tasks:

• to expand students' knowledge about the benefits and dangers of fire, about fire safety rules,
• to instill skills of careful handling of fire,
• to teach students the correct actions in case of fire.

Equipment:

• Posters and drawings of students on the topic of fire safety, books, memos: "Fire is our friend and enemy", "First aid to the victim of fire"
• Recommend the student to read books in advance:
• S. Marshak "Cat's House", "Fire", The Story of an Unknown Hero ".
• L. Tolstoy "Fire", "Fire dogs"
• B. Zhitkov "Fire in the Sea"

Guys! Guess the riddle.

A red beast sits in the oven
   The red beast is angry at everyone,
   He eats firewood from anger
   An entire hour, or maybe two,
   You do not touch his hand,
   Bites the whole palm. (the fire)

Today, guys, we'll talk to you about the fire. Read the topic of our conversation with you on the poster in the center of the board.

Do you think fire is friend or enemy of man?

This question is difficult to answer unequivocally. Because fire brings so much benefit to people, so much harm.

Listen to the poem performed by ..., which is called "What is the fire"

(Pupils read the poem, "What a Fire Happens.")

It is always different
   Amazing fire.
   That ugly ugly,
   That quiet from quiet
   Then he is a hasty snake
   Dry bark glides
   That shaggy red mane
   Blazes at dawn.

Here on the match, like on a branch,
   Blue trembling leaf.
   Here, breaking the bars of the cage,
   The predator makes a throw! ..
   Yes, fire is different -
   Pale yellow, bright red,
   Blue or gold
   Very kind
   Very angry.

And without a good fire
   You can’t do without a day.
   He is reliable friends with us,
   Drives the cold, drives the darkness.
   He is a friendly flame
   Raises like a flag.
   Everyone needs a good fire.
   And for that he is honored
That the guys warm dinner
   Cuts steel
   And the bread bakes.

Well, every four years
   He is busy with business.
   In the blue sea of \u200b\u200bheaven
   Flashing a tight sail.
   And flies over the stadium
   Like an alluring hand
   To many millions
   Sign to file from afar.

To call on the brave
   Strong, valiant people
   Red, yellow, black, white
   The sons of the whole planet
   The whole planet is daughters.

• What kind of fire did you learn about in the last lines of the poem? (fire is a symbol of the Olympic Games)
• What is the use of fire?
• And what is the harm of fire?

Now I will supplement your answers, because fire brings many more benefits.

Fire has long been a friend of man. Fire was considered a living creature, "tamed" fire, settling it in their caves. He helped people fight for existence. On fire, man learned how to cook. Fire saved from the cold, helped in the fight against terrible predators, scared them away from the caves and sites of the ancient man. Fire gave life, but he also took it. He was respected and feared, loved and revered.

The properties of fire were considered magical, its origin was divine. All the peoples of the Earth had gods of fire. Everyone tried to appease the gods of fire, offered sacrifices to them, and celebrated in their honor.

Years and centuries passed. Gradually, people recognized fire better and better. Many of his riddles are no longer riddles. The fire in the eyes of people has lost the power of a deity. But he didn’t stop being a friend, an assistant.

As in antiquity, it warms us, helps people prepare food.

Sometimes at the stake on a camping trip or fishing by the river. And most often - on a comfortable and compact gas or electric stove, in a small and cozy village stove.

And there are huge factory furnaces. At the bakery in the ovens bake bread. At the brick factory, in the kilns, the brick from which the house is built is burned. And in open-hearth furnaces, steel cooks fire. Pipes and machine tools, cars and planes are made of it ...

By the way, cars and planes also move with the help of fire. Indeed, in engines, in jet engines, fuel burns. And burning is the life of fire.

Fuel burns in the furnaces of power plants. Here electric current is born. It turns out that fire and electric current are the closest relatives. The current illuminates your houses and streets, trolleybuses and trams move along its lines, giant plants and TVs, radios, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, irons, and many other industrial and household appliances that "work" on them.

A rocket takes off, lifting a spaceship into orbit. What drives her? The power of fire!

Looks in the morning at your window gentle sunlight. What is the sun? This is also a fire. The sun is a huge hot ball in which gases are burned, mainly hydrogen, bringing us heat and light. Without this fire, there would be no life on our planet.

Guys, look at the drawings that you performed. Show in which figures a good fire is a friend of man? What is the help from the fire in this figure?

The power of a friend-fire is big-big! But if you handle this force stupidly and carelessly, then the fire can become a terrible, treacherous enemy.

Listen to a poem about evil fire that tells ....

Evil fire - fire of fire,
   Evil fire - the fire of war!
   From the ruthless heat
   The days are dark
   Fields are black.
   The inhabitants of the globe
   Citizens of any country
   Evil fire
   Must extinguish!

The most terrible, most dangerous fire is, of course, the fire of war. It takes millions of human lives, wipes out large cities and small villages.

But even in peacetime, fire, coming out of obedience, can destroy an entire city or village. When does this happen? (when the fire starts).

Great disasters brought fires to Moscow, Vladimir, Suzdal, Kiev, Minsk, Novgorod, Pskov, Kostroma, Vyatka, Voronezh and other cities.

Now on our planet there are about five and a half million fires per year. Every five seconds there is a new fire. Burning enterprises and hospitals, hotels and shops, trains, ships, planes. Fire does not spare museums and libraries, theaters and palaces, cultural monuments, schools, forests, grain fields ... And as a result, huge losses. And most importantly, tens of thousands of human victims, among them children.

To avoid this, children should always carefully handle fire, gas, electricity, carefully look after their younger brothers and sisters, for all the kids. Indeed, a very large number of fires is associated with childish prank.

And what can we say about the match? He struck it unnecessarily, threw it carelessly to the floor - and it’s already a fire.

Will tell us a poem about pranks with matches.

At the cottage in Trekhgorka
   Lived little Zhora,
   He only struck a match -
   And the curtain flashed.
   He wanted to play pretense in a fire -
   Stayed from home
   One little head.
   Many have a habit -
   Lighted matches
   Walking, throw here and there,
   Who does this
   Two, three steps
   To the scariest of the dramas.

And now, guys, we will not have much rest and play. I will read to you excerpts from the works that mention the fire, and you will call me the author and the name of this work.

The sea burns with flame
   A whale ran out of the sea.
   Hey firemen, run!
   Help! Help!
(Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky "Confusion.")

Can the sea burn? (no.)

Now grief - the owners are draining both oil and gas into the sea. They probably saw on television how the sea was burning. Rather, not the sea itself, but a film of these substances, spreading over the surface of the water.

And why did the sea catch fire in the poem "Confusion"?

(Playing with fox matches led to a fire.)

Tili Bom, Tili Bom
   Koshkin house caught fire
   Cat jumped out
   Eyes bulging
   A chicken runs with a bucket
   Pouring a cat's house.
(Samuel Yakovlevich Marshak "Cat's House".)

Why did a fire occur? (the stove was left unattended.)

What kind of smoke above your head?
   What kind of thunder on the pavement?
   The house is burning around the corner.
   What kind of darkness is around?
   Team puts stairs
   The house saves from fire.
   The whole attic is already on fire
   Pigeons are beating in the window.
(Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov "Uncle Styopa")

Who helped Uncle Styopa during the fire? (he released the pigeons)

Crowded a lot
   People on the panel.
   People in alarm
   Under the roof looked:
   There from the window
   Through the smoke of fire
   Hands baby
   He held out to them.
   Free for one minute
   Without losing
   Rushed guy
   From the foot of the tram -
   To the car across
   And down the pipe
   Gutter climb.
   Who was the savior of the girl?
("Unknown hero" S.Ya. Marshak)

And now the next game: "Speak the word"

The coal fell on the floor
   The wood floor is lit;
   Do not look, do not wait, do not stand,
   And fill it ... (with water)

If younger sisters
   Light the matches at home
   What should you do?
   Immediately matches ... (take)

If where garbage is stored
   Or just different trash,
   I will have to work hard
   Put things in order there.
   They took a broom, a shovel,
   Quickly everything ... (removed)

What happens if the birds
   Light a match at home? (fire)

Now guess the riddles:

Hisses and gets angry
   Afraid of water
   With the tongue, not barking
   Without teeth, but bites. (the fire)

The midge flew - an aspen leg,
   She sat on a stack - she ate all the hay. (match)

Now back, then forward
   He walks, a wandering ship.
   Stop it - woe
   Holes the sea. (iron)

Without arms, without legs
   Creeps to the sky. (smoke)

This is a dark dark house
   One hundred little sisters huddle in him.
   And any of the sisters
   May flare up like a bonfire. (match)

Sits on the roof of all above
   And breathes smoke. (trumpet)

Hit our dough
   In a hot place
   Hit - not lost
It became a rosy bun.
   What is this place?
   Where did the dough go? (oven)

Often the guys play in the attics or in the basements of residential buildings. Without thinking about the consequences, light matches, make bonfires. Carried away by the game, they forget to put out the fire, and then the sparks of the fire inflated by the wind scatter over long distances.

Don’t play, my friend, with a match!
   Remember you she is small
   But from a match - not big
   Maybe a house burns down.
   Near the house and the barn
   Do not dare to make a fire!
   May be a big trouble
   For buildings and people.

But you can’t make a fire not only near the house, but also in others

places, especially in the forest. Why? (an outstanding bonfire can cause huge damage to forest stands)

Pranks with flammable and combustible liquids such as gasoline, acetone, varnish are very dangerous. This threatens with explosions, which means severe burns and injuries.

Gasoline - maybe someone disagrees with me?

Not only dangerous, it is explosive.

Very often, fires occur on New Year's holidays. You can’t decorate the tree with easily combustible toys (paper, cotton), light candles on it, arrange various fireworks in the room.

Many of you guys are probably helping your parents at home. Raise your hands, which of you helps moms to iron their clothes? And which of you helps to cook?

And here it is important to remember about fire safety. An unattended, turned on iron or tile threatens a fire.

This will read us poems ..... and ......

Anyuta ironed the tape
   And I saw friends
   Distracted for three minutes
   And I forgot about the iron.
   This is not a joke!
   That's what it means - three minutes!
   There is no tape around the burn,
   The fire almost happened.

When leaving home, never forget to turn off electrical appliances.

You can’t leave the apartment
   A device connected to the network.
   Otherwise, friends,
   You burn with a blue flame.
   Sometimes a family goes south
   Forgetting that the iron is not turned off in the house.
   And then - a telegram similar to thunder:
   "Fire - nothing left of home"

Of course, a fire can occur not only through your fault. In the summer, in forests and in grain fields, sometimes a small spark from a tractor or a car causes a fire, an accidentally thrown cigarette butt or a fire not flooded with water. A summer thunderstorm is sometimes very necessary, it freshens the air, but it can also cause troubles: there are fires from a thunderstorm.

Listen to the poem performed by ....

A thunderstorm begins
   It got dark at noon
   Sand flew into my eyes
   In the sky - flashes of lightning.
   Wind patters the flower beds
   In the green square
Drafts broke into the house,
   The doors swung open.
   A fire broke out in the sky.
   A red car is racing
   All faster, faster, forward!
   Commander is sitting in the cockpit
   And the score counts for seconds.
   - Lift a little more, -
   He says to the driver.
   - Do you see a window in the flame?
   This is a residential house on fire.
   Maybe there were children left
   People are waiting with hope for us ...
   “Everything is clear,” the driver answered,
   Giving the car full throttle.

Guys, for whatever reason a fire arises, you should immediately call the fire department via telephone 01 or report the fire to adults, and as far as possible, and take part in putting out the fire.

In case of fire, in case of fire, -
   Every citizen knows
   In case of fire, in case of fire
   Type "zero - one!"
   And now the cars are red
   Hurry to dangerous places
   Passers-by shy away -
   Firefighters are in a hurry!

What are the names of people who, at the risk of their lives, fight fire? What qualities should a firefighter have? (ability to sacrifice, courage, possess physical strength, dexterity, professionalism)

A poem will read about all the difficulties that arise in the work of firefighters ...

In our difficult service, it’s important
   Be skillful and courageous.
   Believe me! I don't want to praise myself
   But you are scared - and the fire cannot be defeated.
   All honest people know
   That fire is the same front ...
   Against a fiery avalanche
   Together with us in your turn
   In the battle - fire engines,
   Boats and helicopter ...

You do not believe the jokes:
   Like, it's easy for firefighters to live,
   They say all their work
   In a fire, pour water.
   The joke is and will be a joke
   The dispute will resolve by itself -
   See you a minute
   How he fights with fire.
   As it burns but does not burn
   Choking in the smoke.
   And as the flame dies
   Obeys him.
   And then it will become clear to you
   How dangerous is this labor!

In our country there are many heroes - firefighters. At the risk of their lives, they rush into the fire, saving the lives of others. Heroes awarded medals "For courage in a fire"

And now, guys, we will analyze the most difficult question "How to behave in case of fire." I will list the rules, and you try to remember them.

If the fire is in its infancy, it is necessary to try to extinguish it, closing it with a rag, stop the access of oxygen.

Call "01", tell the exact address and nature of the fire.

If there are adults nearby (neighbors), you need to call for help.

What can you count on in a fire? There are 4 main factors you need to know if you want to be saved in a fire.

1. The fire is blind, you cannot see in the fire.
2. Smoke and gas are killed more often than flame.
3. The heat from the fire is so intense that it alone can cause death.
4. Lack of time. The fire leaves no time, you need to have time to get out of the fire.

What should be remembered when taking rescue measures? If thick smoke has filled all the exits (the fire is always moving upward), close the front door of the room tightly, blocking all the cracks with wet rags to prevent smoke from entering. If smoke has entered the room, stay near the floor; there is always air there. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stand at the window so that firefighters know about your stay in the apartment. These actions are necessary for your salvation when you are at home.

And now it is time to talk about the rules of first aid for the victim who has been in a fire.

It is known that the longer measures are not taken in case of a burn, the more serious the injury to the victim.

Go to the board and read the rules for first aid to the victim of the fire.

It is necessary:

Substitute burnt places under a stream of cold water

Remove rings, watches, belts, shoes from the affected areas ... as these places will begin to swell;

Treat the burn site with therapeutic aerosols

Protect burns by covering them with clean material;

Call an ambulance by calling 03;

What will be the first aid to a person whose clothes have caught fire? It is necessary to stop him, topple to the ground or to the floor, roll on the ground to extinguish the flame.

And at the end of our conversation

Let the guys conclude from all that is heard and remember the following rules:

From a fire point of view
   He is too dangerous
   If made of paper
   Homemade lampshade.

So that he does not become your enemy
   Be careful with the iron.
   Do not dry laundry over gas -
   Everything burns out at once!

When the stove is left unattended -
   A whole house can burn one corner.
   Near the house and the barn
   Do not dare to make a fire!

May be a big trouble
   For buildings and people.
   The fire you threw in the forest -
   And here is misfortune on the nose.

You heard about the fire -
   Rather, give a signal about this!
   Let every citizen remember -
   Fire number: "01"

Do not touch matches, in matches - fire!
   So that trouble doesn’t come to your house,
   Be careful with fire always!

I wish you guys that fire would always be just your friend.

Fire ... You can watch it for hours, charged with a philosophical mood. It makes you think about many problems. Our ancient ancestors kept and protected him, and in response he warmed them and helped to eat. Apparently, therefore, in ancient times, fire was idolized.

In the modern world, fire is not so important for humanity. People cook food on an electric stove, the same electricity allows you to see in the dark and live in warm and comfortable apartments.

Nevertheless, even today many are afraid of this element. Almost all people have a fear of fire on a subconscious level. But what is fire?

Chemists say this is an oxidative reaction with the release of light and heat. Historians believe that this is one of the fundamental elements, because thanks to the fire on Earth, civilization exists, and the mystics fear and deify it.

The concept of “fire” is fanned by many legends and secrets. And many people know this firsthand. For example, the history of the Lomshakov family in the Lipetsk region is known to many. They moved here from Arkhangelsk and for some time huddled in a temporary hut: they built a new house. But the long-awaited housewarming was darkened by a fire ...

When they set the table, they realized: there were not enough chairs. Therefore, they pulled up the sofa. But what happened afterwards cannot be explained: the sofa caught fire for no reason. Then the flame was extinguished, only the casing suffered. Everyone who attended the housewarming party assures that the fire came on its own: no one smoked, there was no source of fire or electrical wiring nearby.

From that day on, the Lomshakovs became a common fire. Housewares, furniture, things, even salt - all this caught fire on its own. The family turned to many specialists, but pundits only shrug.

At the same time, something else was surprising. The mysterious fire that appeared in the Lomshakovs house outwardly differed from the usual one: in the first seconds it burned with bright blue flashes resembling a flame in a turbo lighter. The Lomshakovs understood that they were dealing with an inexplicable and mysterious phenomenon. And in order to try to find out the cause of the fire, they had to turn to specialists in anomalous phenomena.
  When the latter measured the electric tension of the new Lomshakovs, they were astounded. It was almost one hundred and fifty volts. It turns out that this voltage is mainly connected with the tectonics of the area. Moreover, around in the areas around several houses were already burning earlier. And one more thing: local residents have often noticed mysterious fire phenomena in this area - atmospheric glows and bluish glowing balls floating in the air ...

The ancients believed: heavenly fire is the punishment of the gods. In 1935, fireballs destroyed thousands of square meters of green space in South America, cutting trees to the root. The damage they inflicted was compared to a natural disaster.

In 2004, in the Iranian city of Babol, a flaming ball that fell on a house completely destroyed it. Residents miraculously managed to escape. The explosion was so loud that it woke up all the neighbors. They rushed into the street and froze in amazement. In the courtyard of the house, a ball of fire, having a diameter of about one and a half meters, spun wildly, spraying sparks around itself.

After a minute, everything disappeared, and the ball dissolved in the air. Iranian experts who examined the site of the fall of the fireball did not find any remnants of cosmic matter. They put forward the version that this is a ball lightning that occurred as a result of an earthquake. But this contradicts the established theory that the fires of an earthquake come out before or during a natural disaster directly from the earth. And the ball of fire in Babola, according to eyewitnesses, flew from the sky.

But there is another version: the house was attacked by a geophysical meteorite. His nature is still incomprehensible. Some experts consider it a ball lightning, others - a meteorite burnt in the atmosphere.

But Moscow scientists made a sensational statement: it is possible that fireballs and the pyrokinesis phenomenon are related phenomena. After all, pyrokinesis - a moving fire - is one of the most mysterious phenomena. He still has not received a scientific explanation.

Nevertheless, in Russia there are still more than two thousand cases of spontaneous combustion of people. It is not known whether they are all related to pyrokinesis or, in some cases, the cause was crime, but there were facts, and they were recorded.

In recent years, the media have begun to argue that self-ignition occurs much more often than before. It is not known whether this is true or not, since official science does not study the problem of spontaneous combustion. But researchers of anomalous phenomena are closely involved in this, trying to understand why people flare up like matches.

The Medveditskaya ridge - a chain of low hills on the border of the Saratov and Volgograd regions - is considered one of the most famous anomalous zones in our country. The Medveditsky hills were notorious due to the incredible number of abnormalities occurring here. And above all, the increased activity of UFOs. According to the assurances of local residents, flying objects of various shapes appear in these places almost every week.

Over the past three decades, the Medveditsky Ridge has been visited by several dozen research groups. After all, these places are famous not only for visiting UFOs: there were several times cases of spontaneous combustion, the last of which happened so quickly that the victim, and this was a local shepherd, apparently did not even understand what happened to him. This was evidenced by the position of the corpse when it was found by the villagers.

The phenomenon of pyrokinesis still causes heated debate in the scientific world. Three-quarters of a person consists of water, which includes superfluid electrons. It is they who are able to assemble into a powerful electromagnetic vortex, creating a kind of ball lightning inside the body. She also turns the person to ashes.

It was experimentally established: for spontaneous combustion, appropriate external conditions are necessary - an increased geomagnetic background and temperature conditions.

In ancient Greece, a man killed by lightning lost a solemn burial. The tradition prescribed to bury him where the gods "struck" the unfortunate. In medieval Europe, such fire victims were buried outside the church fence. It is believed that God punishes sinners in such a way that is still alive.

Whether celestial fire will become a powerful source of energy or will remain uncontrollable destructive force, researchers today are wondering.

Nostradamus said that the sun will burn with fire and the end of the world will come. The medieval fortuneteller believed: the world would burn in hellfire. And for this he himself almost went to the stake.

According to environmentalists, planet Earth is facing global warming. Over the next hundred years, the average temperature may rise by five to six degrees. And then real hell will come on Earth ...

Imbalance of the atmosphere will lead to a sharp change in climate, to fires ... Fire will become an instrument of "divine retribution", leading to the destruction of the world. A similar development scenario was predicted in antiquity ...

At the same time, a person is different from an animal being, including in that he knows how to handle fire. To do this, he overcomes his fear of the dangerous elements. After all, the proverb about fire, water and copper pipes is not accidental.

Some rituals of the pagans, based on the effects of fire, have reached contemporaries: the Slavs celebrate Pancake Week, burning a scarecrow, jump over a fire on Kupala night, people pray before burning candles ... After all, it is believed that fire cleanses the soul and aura, helps to touch the higher spiritual spheres, talk to the gods and be heard by the universe ...

Today, science studies the atom, looks at distant stars and explores the mystery of the genome, but it is not yet able to control the fire. And it is still unknown whether the technogenic path of civilization will lead to the conquest of fire. Or maybe this element obeys only the power of thought or the energy power of man? Time will tell…

Prometheus, who gave fire to man, was terribly punished: the gods doomed him to terrible torment. But his sacrifice was not in vain: people received not only boiled food, heat and light, but also an excellent “simulator” that helps to overcome their own imperfection.

And who knows, maybe at a new stage of conquering fire, a person will be able to equal the gods

Fire in everyday life is called a flame that accompanies the combustion process of a substance with the simultaneous release of heat. Why is it believed that fire is man’s friend and enemy. Is fire the friend or enemy of man ?.

Fire is a friend of man

Fire is great power

Fire is the enemy of man

Fire causes

• Flammable objects (tablecloth, curtain, paper, wood waste, hay, dry grass, etc.) can catch fire from a thrown match that has not been extinguished.
• If the match is ignited carelessly, a flying head can set fire to clothes, bed and other combustible materials and cause a fire.
• Negligent handling of a burning candle can lead to serious consequences.

“At the first hour of the day there was a big fire at the morning of the week. It caught fire on Slavkina Street near Catherine’s Login Wife in a crate from a candle and the whole trading side burned out, many chambers rained down, and lives without a number burned. Such a fire has never happened in Veliky Novgorod. ”

• It is forbidden to smoke in rooms where work with flammable liquids is carried out, in carpentry shops, in warehouses, garages, in massifs, and in living conditions - in attics, in sheds, etc.
• There are frequent cases when young children become the culprits of fires and themselves die at the same time.
• Children should not be allowed to use fire on their own, and matches should be kept out of reach, so that they cannot find them.

• do not play with matches, do not light them yourself and do not let other children do it;
• do not play with electrical appliances, do not plug them into the mains, an appliance that is left unattended and plugged into the mains can cause a fire;
• do not melt the stove, do not ignite the gas in the stove;
• do not make bonfires in the absence of elders.

• do not leave them unattended,
• keep them out of the burning stove,
• do not allow them to play with matches, electric heaters and lighting devices.